0001193125-22-090684 | 20-F | XBRL Viewer

$ 835,576

$ 749,890

$ 673,803

204,671

217,437

243,647

630,905

532,453

430,156

268,863

241,941

234,852

General and administrative (including expenses generated from a related party of nil, $55 and $35, respectively, for 2019, 2020 and 2021)

182,690

159,787

204,665

81,880

57,354

54,591

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

7,245

533,433

459,082

501,353

Interest income (including interest income generated from a related party of $1,015, $810 and nil, respectively, for 2019, 2020 and 2021)

97,472

73,371

(71,197)

Other income, net

29,416

25,993

7,963

15,641

7,369

6,103

Interest expense (including interest expense generated from a related party of $818, $588, and nil, respectively, for 2019, 2020 and 2021)

(7,500)

(6,234)

(14,370)

Income/(loss) before income tax expense

(3,462)

(3,800)

1,430

131,567

96,699

(70,071)

Income tax expense

62,296

133,226

28,428

Net income/(loss) from continuing operations

69,271

(36,527)

(98,499)

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

864,902

^[1]

(91,793)

89,106

Less: Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to the noncontrolling interest shareholders

934,173

(128,320)

(43,391)

(3)

18,448

58,223

Less: Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to the noncontrolling interest shareholders

6,451

(60,656)

47,722

Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited

69,274

(54,975)

(156,722)

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited

858,451

(31,137)

7,386

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited

927,725

(86,112)

(149,336)

Foreign currency translation adjustments

934,173

(128,320)

(43,391)

23,474

11,972

(13,069)

Other comprehensive income/(loss)

23,474

11,972

(13,069)

Comprehensive income/(loss)

957,647

(116,348)

(56,460)

Less: Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest shareholders

7,966

(35,074)

93,244

Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited

$ 949,681

$ (81,274)

$ (149,704)

Basic net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited

Continuing operations

$ 1.75

$ (1.39)

$ (3.99)

Discontinued operations

21.74

(0.79)

0.19

Net income/(loss) per share

$ 23.49

$ (2.18)

$ (3.80)

Shares used in computing basic net income per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited

39,501

39,452

39,249

Diluted net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited

Continuing operations

$ 1.75

$ (1.40)

$ (4.01)

Discontinued operations

21.74

(0.79)

0.18

Net loss per share

$ 23.49

$ (2.19)

$ (3.83)

Shares used in computing diluted net income per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited

39,501

39,452

39,249

Brand advertising [Member]

Revenues:

$ 134,967

$ 146,526

$ 175,056

99,522

105,604

126,406

Online games [Member]

Revenues:

638,225

536,684

440,902

87,616

91,526

88,992

Others [Member]

Revenues:

62,384

66,680

57,845

$ 17,533

$ 20,307

$ 28,249

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income /(Loss) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Interest income from a related party	$ 0	$ 810,000	$ 1,015,000
Interest expense from a related party	0	588,000	818,000
General and administrative from a related party	35,000	55,000	0
Brand advertising [Member]
Revenues from a related party	173,000	227,000	174,000
Others [Member]
Revenues from a related party	4,155,000	3,752,000	3,796,000
Cost of revenues from a related party	$ 0	$ 0	$ 57,000

Direct costs arising from transactions with related parties who are not affiliates or joint Ventures. These costs are categorized as cost of goods sold.

Amount of revenue, fees and commissions earned from transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiaries; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) an entity and trusts for the benefit of employees, for example, but not limited to, pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entity's management; (d) an entity and its principal, owners, management, or members of their immediate families; and (e) affiliates.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07.1(c))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120401555&loc=SL114874292-224272

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(B))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(C))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442552-122756

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1A
-Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=124359900&loc=SL124442526-122756

Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 220
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1(e))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123367319&loc=SL114868664-224227

Cash flows from operating activities:

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

$ 934,173

$ (128,320)

$ (43,391)

864,902

^[1]

(91,793)

89,106

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

Amortization of intangible assets and purchased video content in prepaid expense

12,461

14,386

38,842

Depreciation

23,495

25,466

28,225

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

7,245

Impairment of long-term investment

8,578

14,480

2,350

^[2]

215

384

23,154

Impairment of other intangible assets and other assets

1,758

4,156

5,903

Investment loss/(gain) from equity investments

(6,345)

465

(2,960)

Allowance for credit losses

7,970

4,884

4,725

Change in fair value of financial instruments

(2,470)

1,784

(1,185)

(909)

(390)

(786)

Changes in assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

444

39,979

(13,152)

Prepaid and other assets

(2,770)

(10,276)

5,574

Accounts payable

(904)

(3,358)

(160)

Accrued liabilities and other short-term liabilities

3,776

(96)

(3,689)

Tax liabilities

(4,968)

8,683

(2,253)

Deferred tax

26,239

102,626

11,202

(22,231)

(3,252)

(22,803)

Net cash provided by/(used in) continuing operating activities

113,610

163,394

(18,267)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued operating activities

(175,888)

^[1]

(68,187)

219,516

Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities

(62,278)

95,207

210,590

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of fixed assets

(6,718)

(6,339)

(15,081)

Purchase of intangible and other assets

(35,489)

(27,441)

(50,583)

Purchase of long-term investments

(15,891)

(114)

(12,290)

Purchase of time deposits

(188,215)

Proceeds from financial instruments

740,730

1,423,600

883,991

Purchase of financial instruments

(1,034,337)

(1,206,777)

(1,022,049)

Other cash proceeds related to investing activities

2,501

1,464

1,198

Net cash provided by/(used in) continuing investing activities

(537,419)

184,393

(214,814)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities

1,054,148

^[1]

235,374

(217,598)

Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities

516,729

419,767

(443,220)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from long-term bank loans

92,000

Proceeds from short-term bank loans

153,000

315,550

58,035

Exercise of share-based awards in subsidiaries

Repurchase of Sohu Ordinary Shares, represented by ADSs

(17,418)

Repayments of loans from banks

(560,550)

(113,952)

(371,973)

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests in Changyou Merger

(191,803)

Distribution of Changyou dividend to noncontrolling interest shareholders

(165,817)

Net cash provided by/(used in) continuing financing activities

(424,968)

101,795

(479,748)

Net cash used in discontinued financing activities

(9,132)

^[1]

(8,209)

(33,415)

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities

(434,100)

93,586

(513,163)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted time deposits

20,997

36,984

(10,047)

Net increase/(decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted time deposits

41,348

645,544

(755,840)

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted time deposits at beginning of year

959,570

314,026

1,069,866

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted time deposits at end of year

1,000,918

959,570

314,026

Less: Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted time deposits of discontinued operations, end of year

310,203

147,834

Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted time deposits of continuing operations, end of year

1,000,918

649,367

166,192

Supplemental cash flow disclosures from continuing operations:

Cash paid for income taxes

(46,145)

(35,705)

(27,781)

Cash paid for interest expense

(7,633)

(3,778)

(12,947)

Barter transactions

5,086

4,039

4,357

Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing activity from continuing operations:

Changes in payables and other liabilities related to fixed assets and intangible assets additions

$ (19,391)

$ (20,964)

$ (24,568)

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.
[2]	In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Sohu Group recognized impairment losses of $23.2 million for equity investments.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Total

Ordinary Shares [Member]

Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]

Treasury Stock [Member]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]

Accumulated Earnings/(Deficit) [Member]

Noncontrolling Interest [Member]

Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2018

$ 1,552,951

$ 39

$ 958,883

$ 0

$ 24,719

$ (394,801)

$ 964,111

Settlement/adjustment of share-based awards in subsidiary

18,251

1,045

17,206

698

2,555

(1,857)

Distribution of Changyou dividend to noncontrolling interest shareholders

(166,507)

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited and noncontrolling interest shareholders

(43,391)

(149,336)

105,945

Repurchase of Sogou Class A Ordinary Shares from noncontrolling shareholders

(42,016)

(14,282)

(27,734)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

(13,069)

(368)

(12,701)

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2019

1,306,917

948,201

24,351

(544,137)

878,463

Settlement/adjustment of share-based awards in subsidiary

18,115

1,935

16,180

1,862

2,476

(614)

Modification of share-based awards in Changyou

(10,506)

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited and noncontrolling interest shareholders

(128,320)

(86,112)

(42,208)

Repurchase of Sogou Class A Ordinary Shares from noncontrolling shareholders

(8,301)

(2,847)

(5,454)

Acquisition of a partially-held subsidiary

642

611

Impact of adoption of new accounting standard

^[1]

(6,656)

(4,343)

(2,313)

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests in Changyou Merger

(191,803)

2,937

(38,059)

(156,681)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

50,031

42,897

7,134

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2020

1,031,981

952,733

29,189

(634,592)

684,612

Settlement/adjustment of share-based awards in subsidiary

4,427

805

3,622

7,579

(7,579)

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited and noncontrolling interest shareholders

934,173

927,725

6,448

Repurchase of Sohu Ordinary Shares, represented by ADSs

(18,776)

Disposal of noncontrolling interests in Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase

(687,303)

Write-down of transaction costs related to business acquisitions

4,211

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

23,474

21,956

1,518

Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021

$ 1,292,187

$ 39

$ 965,328

$ (18,776)

$ 51,145

$ 293,133

$ 1,318

[1]	For details see Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Accounts Receivable, Net - Allowance of credit losses.

The Company and Nature of Operations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS [Abstract]

The Company and Nature of Operations

1. THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Nature of Operations and Organization

Sohu.com Limited was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on May 30, 2003 as a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of Sohu.com Inc., which was incorporated in Delaware in August 1996 and was the ultimate parent company of the Sohu Group (as defined below) until its dissolution on May 31, 2018. On July 17, 2000, Sohu.com Inc. completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of shares of its common stock on NASDAQ trading under the symbol “SOHU.” On May 31, 2018, pursuant to a proposal for the dissolution of Sohu.com Inc. and adoption of a plan of complete liquidation and dissolution of Sohu.com Inc. that was approved by the stockholders of Sohu.com Inc. at a special meeting of stockholders held on May 29, 2018, Sohu.com Inc. was dissolved, all outstanding shares of the common stock of Sohu.com Inc. were delisted and cancelled, and American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) representing all outstanding ordinary shares of Sohu.com Limited (the “Ordinary Shares”) were distributed on a

share-for-share

basis to the stockholders of Sohu.com Inc. On June 1, 2018 Sohu.com Limited’s ADSs began trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the same “SOHU” symbol in place of the common stock of Sohu.com Inc. As a result, Sohu.com Limited replaced Sohu.com Inc. as the

top-tier,

publicly-traded holding company of the Sohu Group (as defined below). Sohu.com Limited (or its predecessor Sohu.com Inc., as applicable), together with its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs, are collectively referred to herein as the “Sohu Group,” the “Group” or the “Company.” As described elsewhere in this report, the Company does not own its consolidated VIEs, and the results of such VIEs’ operations only accrue to the Company through contractual arrangements between such VIEs, and such VIEs’ nominee shareholders, and certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. Accordingly, in appropriate contexts activities of the VIEs that the Company consolidates will be described separately from those of the Company’s direct and indirect owned subsidiaries and the use of the terms “Sohu Group,” “Group,” and “Company” may not include in those contexts the VIEs that the Company consolidates.

The Sohu Group is a leading Chinese online media, video, and game business group providing comprehensive online products and services on PCs and mobile devices in China. The Sohu Group consists of Sohu, which when referred to in this report, unless the context requires otherwise, consists of the businesses of Sohu.com Limited and corresponding subsidiaries and VIEs excluding the businesses and the corresponding subsidiaries and VIEs of Changyou.com Limited (“Changyou”), and Changyou. Changyou is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Sohu is a leading Chinese language online media content and services provider; and Changyou is a leading online game developer and operator in China that engages primarily in the development, operation and licensing of online games for PCs and mobile devices. Most of the Sohu Group’s operations are conducted through the Group’s China-based subsidiaries and VIEs.

Changyou completed its IPO on NASDAQ in April 2009, trading under the symbol “CYOU.” On April 17, 2020, Sohu acquired all outstanding shares of Changyou that it did not already beneficially own pursuant to the merger (the “Changyou Merger”) of an indirect newly-formed wholly-owned subsidiary (“Changyou Merger Co.”) with and into Changyou, with Changyou being the company surviving the Changyou Merger, and resulting in Changyou being delisted from NASDAQ and continuing as a privately-held company that is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Sohu.com Limited.

Because prior to the completion of Changyou Merger, Sohu.com Limited, or its predecessor Sohu.com Inc., was the controlling shareholder of Changyou, Sohu.com Limited consolidated Changyou in its consolidated financial statements, and recognized noncontrolling interests reflecting economic interests in Changyou held by Changyou’s former shareholders or beneficial owners other than Sohu.com Limited. As a result of the completion of Sohu’s acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in Changyou on April 17, 2020, Sohu.com Limited

beneficially

holds

and controls

100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares and 100% of the total voting power in Changyou and consolidates Changyou in its consolidated financial statements with no noncontrolling interests being recognized except for noncontrolling interests reflecting economic interests in Changyou’s subsidiaries.

Prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase (as defined below) on September 23, 2021, Sogou Inc. (“Sogou”) was an indirect controlled subsidiary of the Company. Sogou completed its IPO on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) in November 2017 trading under the symbol “SOGO.” On September 23, 2021, Sohu completed the transactions contemplated by a Share Purchase Agreement, dated September 29, 2020 and amended on December 1, 2020 and further amended on July 19, 2021, by and among the Company, the Company’s indirect wholly-owned subsidiary Sohu.com (Search) Limited (“Sohu Search”), and TitanSupernova Limited (“Tencent Merger Sub”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Tencent Holdings Limited (“Tencent”) (as so amended, the “Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase Agreement”), in which Sohu Search sold all of the Class A ordinary shares of Sogou and Class B ordinary shares of Sogou owned by Sohu Search to Tencent Merger Sub at a purchase price of

$9.00

per share (the “Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase”). The Sohu Group received gross consideration of approximately

$1.18

billion in cash from the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase

Also on September 23, 2021, shortly after the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, Tencent Merger Sub was merged with and into Sogou (the “Sogou Merger”) pursuant to a definitive Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated September 29, 2020 and amended on December 1, 2020 and further amended on July 19, 2021 (as so amended, the “Sogou Merger Agreement”), by and among Sogou, Tencent Merger Sub, and two other wholly-owned subsidiaries of Tencent. As a result of the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase and the Sogou Merger, Sohu no longer has any beneficial ownership interest in Sogou.

As Sohu.com Limited, or its predecessor Sohu.com Inc., was the controlling shareholder of Sogou before the effectiveness of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, Sohu.com Limited consolidated Sogou in its consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations, and recognized noncontrolling interests reflecting economic interests in Sogou held by shareholders or beneficial owners other than Sohu.com Limited (the “Sogou noncontrolling shareholders”).

Through the operation of Sohu and Changyou, the Sohu Group generates brand advertising revenues, online game revenues, and other revenues. Brand advertising and online games are the Sohu Group’s core businesses. Prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, the Sohu Group also generated search and search-related advertising revenues through the discontinued operations of Sogou.

The principal subsidiaries and VIEs through which the Group conducted its business operations as of December 31, 2021 are described below:


Name of Entity	Date of Incorporation/Acquisition	Place of Incorporation/ Acquisition	Effective Interest held through equity ownership/contractual arrangements

Subsidiaries:
For Sohu:

Sohu.com (Hong Kong) Limited	Incorporated on April 19, 2000	Hong Kong		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Era Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Era”)	Incorporated on July 25, 2003	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu.com (Search) Limited (“Sohu Search”)	Incorporated on October 28, 2005	Cayman Islands		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Media”)	Incorporated on June 19, 2006	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu.com (Game) Limited (“Sohu Game”)	Incorporated on February 11, 2008	Cayman Islands		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Momentum Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu New Momentum”)	Incorporated on May 31, 2010	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Fox Video Limited (“Sohu Video”)	Incorporated on July 26, 2011	Cayman Islands		100	%
Fox Information Technology (Tianjin) Limited (“Video Tianjin”)	Incorporated on November 17, 2011	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu Focus Limited	Incorporated on July 11, 2013	Cayman Islands		100	%
Sohu Focus (HK) Limited (“Focus HK”)	Incorporated on July 26, 2013	Hong Kong		100	%
For Changyou:
Changyou.com Limited (“Changyou”)	Incorporated on August 6, 2007	Cayman Islands		100	%
Changyou.com (HK) Limited (“Changyou HK”)	Incorporated on August 13, 2007	Hong Kong		100	%
Beijing AmazGame Age Internet Technology Co., Ltd. (“AmazGame”)	Incorporated on September 26, 2007	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Beijing Changyou Gamespace Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gamespace”)	Incorporated on October 29, 2009	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Changyou.com Korea LLC	Incorporated on January 7, 2010	Korea		100	%
Beijing Changyou Chuangxiang Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Changyou Chuangxiang”)	Incorporated on November 8, 2016	People’s Republic of China		100	%

VIEs:
For Sohu:
Beijing Century High-Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (“High Century”)	Incorporated on December 28, 2001	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Heng Da Yi Tong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Heng Da Yi Tong”)	Incorporated on February 7, 2002	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Internet”)	Incorporated on July 31, 2003	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd. (“Donglin”)	Incorporated on May 17, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Tianjin Jinhu Culture Development Co., Ltd (“Tianjin Jinhu”)	Incorporated on November 24, 2011	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Focus Interactive Information Service Co., Ltd. (“Focus Interactive”)	Incorporated on July 15, 2014	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Guangzhou Qianjun Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Guangzhou Qianjun”)	Acquired on November 25, 2014	People’s Republic of China	100	%
For Changyou:
Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gamease”)	Incorporated on August 23, 2007	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Shanghai ICE Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai ICE”)	Acquired on May 28, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Guanyou Gamespace Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (“Guanyou Gamespace”)	Incorporated on August 5, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%

Sohu’s Business

Brand Advertising Business

Sohu’s main business is the brand advertising business, which offers to users, over Sohu’s matrices of Chinese language online media, various content, products and services across multiple Internet-enabled devices such as mobile phones, tablets and PCs. The majority of Sohu’s products and services are provided in China through Sohu Media Portal, Sohu Video and Focus.

•	Sohu Media Portal. Sohu Media Portal is a leading online news, information and content services provider in China. It provides users with access to comprehensive content through the mobile phone application Sohu News APP, the mobile portal m.sohu.com and www.sohu.com for PCs;

•	Sohu Video. Sohu Video is an online video content and services provider in China through the mobile phone application Sohu Video APP, tv.sohu.com and the PC video application ifox for PCs; and

•	Focus. Focus (www.focus.cn) is an online real estate information and services provider in China.

Revenues generated by the brand advertising business are classified as brand advertising revenues in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Other Sohu Business

Sohu also engages in the other business, which consists primarily of paid subscription services,

interactiv

broadcasting services, and revenue sharing from other platforms. Revenues generated by Sohu from the other business are classified as other revenues in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Changyou’s Business

Changyou’s business lines consist of the online game business and the platform channel business, which consists primarily of online advertising and mobile game distribution services. Before ceasing its operations in August 2019, Changyou also operated a cinema advertising business, which consisted primarily of the acquisition from operators of movie theaters, and the sale to advertisers, of

pre-film

advertising slots.

Online Game Business

Changyou’s online game business offers PC games and mobile games to game players. All of Changyou’s games are operated under the item-based revenue model, meaning that game players can play the games for free, but may choose to pay for virtual items, which are

non-physical

items that game players can purchase and use within a game, such as characters, weapons, gems, pets, skills, fashion items and other

in-game

consumables, features and functionalities. Revenues derived from the operation of online games are classified as online game revenues in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

PC Games

PC games are interactive online games that are accessed and played simultaneously by hundreds of thousands of game players through personal computers and require that local

client-end

game access software be installed on the computers used. Changyou’s dominant game is Tian Long Ba Bu (“TLBB

”), a PC based

client-end

game. For the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues from

TLBB PC

were $421.7 million, accounting for approximately

66% of Changyou’s online game revenues, approximately 65% of Changyou’s total revenues

and approximately 50% of the Sohu Group’s total revenues.

Mobile Games

Mobile games are played on mobile devices and require an Internet connection. In the second quarter of 2017, Changyou launched a mobile game, Legacy TLBB (“Legacy TLBB Mobile”), which is operated by Tencent under license from Changyou. For the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues from Legacy TLBB Mobile were $79.5 million, accounting for approximately 12% of Changyou’s online game revenues, approximately 12% of Changyou’s total revenues, and approximately 10% of the Sohu Group’s total revenues.

Platform Channel Business

Changyou’s platform channel business consists primarily of the operation of the 17173.com Website. Prior to RaidCall’s ceasing operations in March 2019, Changyou’s platform channel business also included RaidCall.

17173.com Website

The 17173.com Website provides news, electronic forums, online videos, and other online game information services to game players, as well as distribution services. Changyou generates online advertising revenues from providing advertising services to third-party advertisers on the 17173.com Website and online game revenues from mobile game distribution services.

RaidCall

Prior to ceasing operations in March 2019, RaidCall provided online music and entertainment services, primarily in Taiwan. IVAS revenues that were generated by RaidCall are classified as other revenues in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Cinema Advertising Business (Discontinued)

Prior to ceasing its operations in August 2019, Changyou also operated a cinema advertising business, which consisted primarily of the acquisition from operators of movie theaters, and the sale to advertisers, of

pre-film

advertising slots. Revenues that were generated by Changyou’s cinema advertising business are reflected as discontinued operations in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Changyou’s Share Structure

As a result of the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, the Company beneficially held and controlled, and continues to beneficially hold and control,

100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares and 100% of the total voting power in Changyou. Sohu consolidates Changyou in its consolidated financial statements and, prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, also provided for noncontrolling interests reflecting ordinary shares in Changyou held by shareholders other than the Company (“Changyou noncontrolling shareholders”).

Sogou’s Business (Discontinued)

Between the Company’s entry into the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase Agreement on September 29, 2020 and the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, Sogou met the criteria for discontinued operations. Accordingly, the results of Sogou’s operations were excluded from Sohu’s results from continuing operations and revenues that were generated by Sogou are reflected as discontinued operations in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company ceased consolidating Sogou in the Company’s consolidated financial statements after September 23, 2021. Retrospective adjustments to the historical statements have been made in order to provide a consistent basis of comparison.

Search and Search-related Business

Prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, the Group’s search and search-related business consisted primarily of search and search-related advertising services offered by Sogou. Search and search-related advertising services enabled advertisers’ promotional links to be displayed on Sogou’s search results pages and other Internet properties and third parties’ Internet properties where the links were relevant to the subject and content of searches and such properties. Sogou’s advertising services expanded distribution of advertisers’ promotional links and advertisements by leveraging traffic on third parties’ Internet properties, including Web content, software, and mobile applications.

Other Sogou Business

Sogou also offered IVAS, primarily with respect to the operation of Web games and mobile games developed by third parties, and offered other products and services.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Accounting Standards

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States of America generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) to reflect the financial position and results of operations of the Sohu Group.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these financial statements requires the Sohu Group to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses, and related disclosures. On an on-going basis, the Group evaluates its estimates based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Identified below are the accounting policies that reflect the Group’s most significant estimates and judgments, and those that the Group believes are the most critical to fully understanding and evaluating its consolidated financial statements.

Basis of Consolidation and Recognition of Noncontrolling Interest

The Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs. All intra-Group transactions are eliminated except for revenues and expenses arising from intra-group transactions that are considered to continue after the disposal of the discontinued operations. In the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, results from discontinued operations are reported separately from income and expenses from continuing operations and prior periods are presented on a comparative basis.

Discontinued operations

A component of a reporting entity or a group of components of a reporting entity that are disposed of or meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale should be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results. Discontinued operations are reported when a component of an entity comprising operations and cash flows that can be clearly distinguished, operationally and for financial reporting purposes, from the rest of the entity is classified as held for disposal or has been disposed of, if the component either (1) represents a strategic shift or (2) has a major impact on an entity’s financial results and operations. In the statement of financial position, the assets and liabilities of the discontinued operation are presented separately in the asset and liability sections, respectively, of the statement of financial position and prior periods are presented on a comparative basis. In the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, results from discontinued operations are reported separately from the income and expenses from continuing operations and prior periods are presented on a comparative basis. Cash flows for discontinued operations are presented separately in the consolidated statements of cash flows. In order to present the financial effects of the continuing operations and discontinued operations, revenues and expenses arising from intra-group transactions are eliminated except for those revenues and expenses that are considered to continue after the disposal of the discontinued operations.

VIE Consolidation

The VIEs through which the Sohu Group conducts a substantial portion of its business operations are wholly or partially owned by certain employees of the Sohu Group as nominee shareholders. For the VIEs that the Sohu Group consolidates, management made evaluations of the relationships between the Sohu Group and the VIEs and the economic benefit flow of contractual arrangements with the VIEs. In connection with such evaluation, management also took into account the fact that, as a result of such contractual arrangements, the Sohu Group controls the shareholders’ voting interests in these VIEs. As a result of such evaluation, management concluded that for accounting purposes the Sohu Group is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs that it consolidates.

Noncontrolling Interest Recognition

Noncontrolling interests are recognized to reflect the portion of the equity of subsidiaries and VIEs which is not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the controlling shareholders. Prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, the noncontrolling interests in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements primarily consisted of noncontrolling interests for Changyou and Sogou and, following the completion of the Changyou Merger and prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, consisted of noncontrolling interests for Sogou.

Noncontrolling Interest for Changyou

Prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, the Company consolidated Changyou in its consolidated financial statements, and also recognized noncontrolling interest reflecting the economic interest in Changyou held by Changyou noncontrolling shareholders. Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to the Changyou noncontrolling shareholders is recorded as noncontrolling interest in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income, based on the noncontrolling shareholders’ share of the economic interest in Changyou. Changyou’s cumulative results of operations attributable to the Changyou noncontrolling shareholders, along with changes in shareholders’ equity, adjustment for share-based compensation expense in relation to those share-based awards which are unvested and vested but not yet settled and adjustment for changes in the Company’s ownership in Changyou, are recorded as noncontrolling interest in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets. As a result of the completion of Sohu’s acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in Changyou on April 17, 2020, the Company beneficially holds and

control

s 100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares and 100%

of the total voting power in Changyou. The Company consolidates Changyou in its consolidated financial statements, and no noncontrolling interests are recognized except for noncontrolling interests reflecting economic interests in Changyou’s subsidiaries held by shareholders other than Changyou.

Noncontrolling Interest for Sogou

Prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, as Sogou’s controlling shareholder, the Company consolidated Sogou in its consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations, and recognized noncontrolling interest reflecting economic interests in Sogou held by Sogou noncontrolling shareholders. Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to the Sogou noncontrolling interest shareholders is recorded as net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to the noncontrolling interest shareholders in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Sogou’s cumulative results of operations attributable to the Sogou noncontrolling shareholders, based on their share of the economic interest in Sogou, along with changes in shareholders’ equity and adjustment for share-based compensation expense in relation to share-based awards that were unvested and vested but not yet settled and adjustment for changes in the Company’s ownership in Sogou, were recorded as noncontrolling interest in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets.

Segment Reporting

The Sohu Group’s segments are business units that offer different services and are reviewed separately by the chief operating decision maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Group’s CODM is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.

Revenue Recognition

Under ASC 606, revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the Group’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The recognition of revenues involves certain management judgments, including estimated lives of virtual items purchased by game players, the estimation of the fair value of an

advertising-for-advertising

barter transaction, allocation of upfront license fees for

licensed-out

games between license and post-sale services, and volume-based sales rebates. The Group does not believe that significant management judgments are involved in revenue recognition, but the amount and timing of the Group’s revenues could be different for any period if management made different judgments or utilized different estimates.

The following table presents the Group’s revenues disaggregated by products and services:


	Year Ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	94,692		0		94,692
Sohu Video		34,529		0		34,529
Focus		32,120		0		32,120
17173.com Website		0		13,715		13,715
Online games:
PC games		0		267,752		267,752
Mobile games		0		172,718		172,718
Other games		0		432		432
Others		57,082		763		57,845

Total	$	218,423		455,380		673,803


	Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	86,293		0		86,293
Sohu Video		25,312		0		25,312
Focus		23,281		0		23,281
17173.com Website		0		11,640		11,640
Online games:
PC games		0		353,737		353,737
Mobile games		0		182,947		182,947
Others		66,658		22		66,680

Total	$	201,544		548,346		749,890


	Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	75,408		0		75,408
Sohu Video		26,803		0		26,803
Focus		22,013		0		22,013
17173.com Website		0		10,743		10,743
Online games:
PC games		0		469,332		469,332
Mobile games		0		168,893		168,893
Others		62,382		2		62,384

Total	$	186,606		648,970		835,576

Brand Advertising Revenues

Brand advertising revenues are generated from brand advertising services. Certain customers may receive sales rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Group estimates the annual expected revenue volume from each agent with reference to its historical results. Sales rebates will reduce revenues recognized. The Group recognizes revenue for the amount of fees it receives from its advertisers, after deducting sales rebates and net of value-added tax (“VAT”).

Brand Advertising Revenues

Revenue Recognition of Multiple Performance Obligations

The Group’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Group allocates revenues to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The Group generally determines the standalone selling price of each distinct performance obligation based on the prices charged to customers when sold on a standalone basis. Where a standalone selling price is not directly observable, the Group generally estimates the selling price based on the prices at which performance obligations of a similar nature and geography are charged to customers. Most of such contracts have all performance obligations completed within the same quarter.

Pricing Model

Through mobile devices and PCs, the Group provides advertisement placements to its advertisers on different Internet platforms and in different formats. Currently the Group has three main types of pricing models, consisting of the Fixed Price model, the Cost Per Impression (“CPM”) model and the Cost Per Click (“CPC”) model.

(i) Fixed Price model

Under the Fixed Price model, a contract is signed to establish a fixed price for the advertising services to be provided. Given that the advertisers benefit from displayed advertisements evenly over the period the advertisements are displayed, the Group recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis over the period of display, provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

(ii) CPM model

Under the CPM model, the unit price for each qualifying display is fixed and stated in the contract with the advertiser. A qualifying display is defined as the appearance of an advertisement, where the advertisement meets criteria specified in the contract. Given that the fees are priced consistently throughout the contract and the unit prices are fixed in accordance with the Group’s pricing practices for similar advertisers, the Group recognizes revenue based on the fixed unit prices and the number of qualifying displays upon their occurrence, provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

(iii) CPC model

Under the CPC model, there is no fixed price for advertising services stated in the contract with the advertiser and the unit price for each click is auction-based. The Group charges advertisers on a

per-click

basis, when the users click on the advertisements. Given that the fees are priced consistently throughout the contract and the unit prices are fixed in accordance with the Group’s pricing practices for similar advertisers, the Group recognizes revenue based on qualifying clicks and unit price upon the occurrence of the clicks, provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Online Game Revenues

Changyou’s online game revenues are generated primarily from its self-operated and

licensed-out

PC games and mobile games. All of Changyou’s games are operated under the item-based revenue model, where the basic game play functions are free of charge and players are charged for purchases of

in-game

virtual items, including those with a predetermined expiration time and perpetual virtual items.

Changyou is the principal of its self-operated games. Changyou hosts the games on its own servers and is responsible for the sale and marketing of the games as well as customer service. Accordingly, revenues are recorded gross of revenue sharing-payments to third-party developers and/or mobile APP stores, but net of VAT and discounts to game card distributors where applicable. Changyou obtains revenues from the sale of

in-game

virtual items. Revenues are recognized over time for virtual items with estimated lives and upon use for items that are consumed immediately. If different assumptions were used in deriving the estimated lives of the virtual items, the timing of the recording of the revenues would be impacted.

PC Games

Proceeds from Changyou’s self-operated PC games are collected from players and third-party game card distributors through sales of Changyou’s game points on its online payment platform and prepaid game cards.

Changyou’s self-operated PC games are either developed in house or licensed from third-party developers. For licensed PC games, Changyou remits a

pre-agreed

percentage of the proceeds to the third-party developers, and keeps the balance, pursuant to revenue-sharing agreements. Such revenue-sharing amounts paid to third-party developers are recorded in Changyou’s cost of revenues.

Mobile Games

Self-operated Mobile Games

For self-operated mobile games, Changyou sells game points to its game players via third-party mobile APP stores. The mobile APP stores in turn pay Changyou proceeds after deducting their share of

pre-agreed

revenue-sharing amounts.

Changyou’s self-operated mobile games are either developed in house or licensed from or jointly developed with third-party developers. For licensed and jointly-developed mobile games, Changyou remits a

pre-agreed

percentage of the proceeds to the third-party developers, and keeps the balance, pursuant to revenue-sharing agreements. Such revenue-sharing amounts paid to mobile application stores and third-party developers are included in Changyou’s cost of revenues.

Licensed Out Mobile Games

Changyou also authorizes third parties to operate its mobile games. Licensed out games include mobile games developed in house, such as Changyou’s mobile game Legacy TLBB Mobile, and mobile games jointly developed with third-party developers. Changyou receives monthly revenue-based royalty payments from the third-party licensee operators. Changyou receives additional

up-front

license fees from certain third-party licensee operators who are entitled to an exclusive right to operate Changyou’s games in specified geographic areas. Since Changyou is obligated to provide post-sale services (“PCS”), the initial license fees are allocated between the license and PCS based on relative standalone selling prices. The amount allocated to the license is recognized as revenue upon the commencement of the license period, given that Changyou’s intellectual property rights subject to the license are considered to be functional and the licensee has the right to use such intellectual property rights as they exist at the point when the license is granted, and the amount allocated to PCS is recognized as revenue ratably over the license period. Monthly revenue-based royalty payments are recognized when the relevant services are delivered, provided that collectability is reasonably assured. Changyou views the third-party licensee operators as Changyou’s customers and recognizes revenues on a net basis, as Changyou does not have the primary responsibility for fulfillment and acceptability of the game services.

Other Revenues

Sohu

Other revenues attributable to Sohu consist primarily of revenues from paid subscription services, interactive broadcasting services, and revenue sharing from other platforms.

Changyou

Other revenues attributable to Changyou are primarily from IVAS.

Revenues generated from Changyou’s IVAS were derived primarily from software applications for PCs and mobile devices offered by RaidCall, which ceased operations in March 2019. Revenues from IVAS are recognized during the period the services are rendered or items are consumed under the gross method, as Changyou is the principal obligor for provision of the services.

As of August 12, 2019, the Sohu Group ceased consolidating Changyou’s cinema advertising business in its consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, the financial results of the cinema advertising business are excluded from the Sohu Group’s results from continuing operations and are presented in separate line items as discontinued operations in the consolidated financial statements, and retrospective adjustments to the Sohu Group’s historical audited consolidated financial statements have been made in order to provide a consistent basis of comparison.

Contract Balances

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Accounts receivable represent amounts invoiced and revenue recognized prior to invoicing, when the Group has satisfied its performance obligations and has the unconditional right to payment. The allowance for credit losses is estimated based upon the Group’s assessment of various factors, including past collection experience and consideration of current and future economic conditions and other factors that may affect the Group’s customers’ ability to pay. Contract assets as of December 31, 2021 were not

material. The allowance for credit losses was

$12.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Receipts in advance and deferred revenue relate to unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of the period and primarily consist of fees received from game players in the online game business and from advertisers in the brand advertising business. Due to the generally short-term duration of the contracts, the majority of the performance obligations are satisfied in the following reporting period. The amount of revenue recognized that was included in the receipts in advance and deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the period was $46.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

There was no significant change in the contract assets and contract liability balances during 2021.

Revenue recognized in 2021 from performance obligations related to prior years was not material.

Practical Expedients

The Group has used the following practical expedients as allowed under ASC 606:

(i) The transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied has not been disclosed, as substantially all of the Group’s contracts have a duration of one year or less.

(ii) Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement of prepayment or payment within one year or less. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Group has determined that its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component.

(iii) The Group applied the portfolio approach in determining the commencement date of consumption and the estimated lives of virtual items for the recognition of games revenue, given that the effect of applying a portfolio approach to a group game players’ behaviors would not differ materially from considering each one of them individually.

(iv) The Group generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of Brand Advertising Revenues

Cost of brand advertising revenues mainly consists of salary and benefits expenses, content and license costs, and expenses incurred for related events. For self-developed video content, production costs incurred in excess of the amount of revenue contracted for are expensed as incurred.

Cost of Online Game Revenues

Cost of online game revenues mainly consists of revenue-sharing payments, bandwidth service costs, salary and benefits expenses, content and license costs, tax surcharges, depreciation and amortization expenses, and other direct costs.

Cost of Other Revenues

Cost of other revenues mainly consists of revenue-sharing payments related to interactive broadcasting services, revenue-sharing payments related to paid subscription services, and content and license costs related to paid subscription services.

Product Development Expenses

Product development expenses mainly consist of salary and benefits expenses, content and license costs, professional fees, depreciation and amortization expenses, facilities expenses, travel and entertainment expenses, and share-based compensation expense. These expenses are incurred for the enhancement and maintenance of the Sohu Group’s Internet platforms as well as for its products and services. The development costs of online games are expensed as incurred, including the development costs of online games prior to the establishment of technological feasibility and maintenance costs after the online games are available for marketing.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expenses mainly consist of advertising and promotional expenses, salary and benefits expenses, travel and entertainment expenses, and facilities expenses. Advertising and promotional expenses generally represent the expenses of promotions to create or stimulate a positive image of the Sohu Group or a desire to subscribe for the Group’s products and services. Advertising and promotional expenses are expensed as incurred.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses mainly consist of salary and benefits expenses, bad debts, professional fees, share-based compensation expense, travel and entertainment expenses, and facilities expenses.

Share-based Compensation Expense

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou, and Sohu Video have incentive plans for the granting of share-based awards, including share options and restricted share units, to members of the boards of directors, management and other key employees.

For share-based awards for which a grant date has occurred, share-based compensation expense is recognized as costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income based on the fair value of the related share-based awards on their grant dates. For share-based awards for which the service inception date precedes the grant date, share-based compensation expense is recognized as costs and expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income beginning on the service inception date and is

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the related share-based awards. Share-based compensation expense is charged to shareholders’ equity or noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheets. The assumptions used in share-based compensation expense recognition represent management’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. If factors change or different assumptions are used, the Group’s share-based compensation expense could be materially different for any period. Moreover, the estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value that ultimately will be realized by employees who receive equity awards.

After the completion of the Changyou Merger, the board of directors of

the

ompany

(the “Sohu Board”) approved a modification plan for the granted but unvested share options under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan and the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan (the “Changyou Plans’ Modification”). After the Changyou Plans’ Modification, liability will be accrued over the service period based on a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $5.40 per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

exercise price of $0.01 of such options.

No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made given the awards are obligations based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) and Changyou Share-based Awards

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) Share-based Awards

In determining the fair value of share options granted by Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) as share-based awards, the public market price of the underlying shares at each reporting date was used, and a binomial valuation model was applied. In determining the fair value of restricted share units granted, the public market price of the underlying shares on the grant dates was applied.

Upon the dissolution of Sohu.com Inc. on May 31, 2018, Sohu.com Limited assumed all then existing obligations of Sohu.com Inc. with respect to equity incentive awards that had been granted under Sohu.com Inc.’s Amended and Restated 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan”) and remained outstanding, and such awards were converted into the right to receive upon exercise or settlement Sohu.com Limited’s ordinary shares under the Sohu.com Limited 2018 Share Incentive Plan (the “Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan”) rather than shares of the common stock of Sohu.com Inc., subject to the other terms of such outstanding awards. Options for the purchase of Sohu.com Limited’s ordinary shares, including options converted from those contractually granted under the Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, are subject to vesting in four equal installments over a period of four years, with each installment vesting upon satisfaction of a service period requirement and certain subjective performance targets.

Under ASC

718-10-25,

no grant date can be established until a mutual understanding is reached between Sohu and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

as the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense was accrued beginning on the service inception date and will be

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date is established, based on the then-current fair value of the awards. The estimate of the awards’ fair values will be fixed in the period in which the grant date occurs, and cumulative compensation expense will be adjusted based on the fair value at the grant date.

Changyou Share-based Awards

Options for the purchase of Changyou Class A ordinary shares contractually granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan and the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan are subject to vesting in four equal installments over a period of four years, with each installment vesting upon satisfaction of a service period requirement and certain subjective performance targets. Under ASC

718-10-25,

no grant date can be established until a mutual understanding is reached between Changyou and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

as the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense was accrued beginning on the service inception date and will be

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date is established, based on the then-current fair value of the awards. The estimates of the awards’ fair values will be fixed in the period in which the grant date occurs, and cumulative compensation expense will be adjusted based on the fair values at the grant date. In determining the fair values of Changyou share options granted, the public market price of the underlying shares at each reporting date was used, and a binomial valuation model was applied.

After the Changyou Plans’ Modification, a portion of the share options previously granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger were settled by Changyou at a fixed price of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $

5.40

per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

exercise price of $

0.01

of such options. None of the remaining share options granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger or that become vested in the future, and none of the share options granted under the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan, will be exercisable, but can only be repurchased by Changyou at a fixed price of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share underlying such vested share options upon termination of the option holders’ employment or upon approval of the Chairman of the Sohu Board. As a result of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, share-based compensation expense will be accrued over the service period based on the fixed price of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share. No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

As of December 31, 2021, 5,443,000 of these Changyou share options had been granted and had become vested on their respective vesting dates, as a mutual understanding of the subjective performance targets had been reached between Changyou and the recipients, the targets had been satisfied, and the service period requirements had been fulfilled. Cumulative share-based compensation expense of $23.5 million was accrued based on the fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Compensation Expense Recognition

For options and restricted share units granted with respect to Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) shares and Changyou shares, compensation expense is recognized on an accelerated basis upon the requisite service period and certain subjective performance targets being met. The number of share-based awards for which the service is not expected to be rendered over the requisite period is estimated, and no compensation expense is recorded for the number of awards so estimated.

Sohu Video Share-based Awards

On January 4, 2012, Sohu Video, the holding entity of Sohu’s video division, adopted a 2011 Share Incentive Plan (the “Sohu Video Share Incentive

Plan”),

which provided for the issuance of up to

25,000,000

ordinary shares of Sohu Video (representing approximately

10%

of the outstanding Sohu Video shares on a fully-diluted basis) to management and key employees of the video division and to Sohu management. The maximum term of any
share

based

award granted under the Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan is 10 years from the grant date. The Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan expired on
January 4, 2022, and is no longer available for granting new share-based awards.

As of December 31, 2021, grants of options for the purchase of 16,368,200

ordinary shares of Sohu Video had been contractually made and were subject to vesting in four equal installments, with each installment vesting upon a service period requirement being met, as well as Sohu Video’s achievement of performance targets for the corresponding period.

As of December 31, 2021, options for the purchase o

4,972,800

Sohu Video ordinary shares were vested.

For purposes of ASC

718-10-25,

as of December 31, 2021, no grant date had occurred, because the broader terms and conditions of the option awards had neither been finalized nor mutually agreed upon with the recipients. In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

the Group’s management determined that the service inception date with respect to vested option awards for the purchase of 4,972,800 shares had preceded the grant date. Therefore, the Group

recognized compensation expense for those vested Sohu Video share-based awards and

re-measured

the compensation expense on each subsequent reporting date based on the then-current fair values of these vested awards, which the Group will continue to do until the grant date is established.

Taxation

PRC Corporate Income Tax

Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach which requires the recognition of income taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Group’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes are determined based on the differences between the accounting basis and the tax basis of assets and liabilities and are measured using the currently enacted tax rates and laws. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, if based on available evidence, it is considered that it is more likely than not that some portion of or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. In making such determination, the Group considers factors including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future profitability, and tax planning strategies. If events were to occur in the future that would allow the Group to realize more of its deferred tax assets than the presently recorded net amount, an adjustment would be made to the deferred tax assets that would increase income for the period when those events occurred. If events were to occur in the future that would require the Group to realize less of its deferred tax assets than the presently recorded net amount, an adjustment would be made to the valuation allowance against deferred tax assets that would decrease income for the period when those events occurred. Significant management judgment is required in determining income tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The Group’s deferred tax assets are related to net operating losses and temporary book versus tax basis differences for its China-based Subsidiaries and VIEs, which are subject to corporate income tax in the PRC under the PRC Corporate Income Tax Law (the “CIT Law”).

PRC Withholding Tax on Dividends

The CIT Law imposes a 10% withholding income tax on dividends distributed by foreign invested enterprises in the PRC to their immediate holding companies outside Mainland China. A lower withholding tax rate may be applied if there is a tax treaty between Mainland China and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. A holding company in Hong Kong, for example, will be subject to a 5% withholding tax rate under an arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the “Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income,” if such holding company is considered a

non-PRC

resident enterprise and holds at least 25% of the equity interests in the PRC foreign invested enterprise distributing the dividends, subject to approval of the PRC local tax authority. However, if the Hong Kong holding company is not considered to be the beneficial owner of such dividends under applicable PRC tax regulations, such dividend will remain subject to a withholding tax rate of 10%.

PRC Value Added Tax

On May 1, 2016, the transition from the imposition of PRC business tax to the imposition of VAT was expanded to all industries in China, and all of the Sohu Group’s revenues have been subject to VAT since that date. To record VAT payable, the Group adopted the net presentation method, which presents the difference between the output VAT (

a rate of 6%) and the available input VAT amount (at the rate applicable to the supplier).

Taxation on distributions from VIEs to the Subsidiaries

Pursuant to the contractual agreements with the VIEs and their respective shareholders, the Sohu Group’s PRC subsidiaries charge the VIEs service fees. For income tax purposes, the Sohu Group’s PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs file income tax returns on a separate basis. The service fees paid by the VIEs are deductible by the VIEs for PRC income tax purposes and are recognized as income by the Sohu Group’s PRC subsidiaries. The effect on the Sohu Group is tax neutral when the VIEs and the PRC subsidiaries have the same income tax rate.

U.S. Corporate Income Tax

Sohu.com Inc., which was formerly the

top-tier

publicly-traded parent company of the Sohu Group, was dissolved and liquidated on May 31, 2018. Sohu.com Inc. was a Delaware corporation that was subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on its taxable income at a rate of 21% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and of up to 35% for prior tax years. U.S. federal tax legislation signed into law on December 22, 2017, commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “U.S. TCJA”), significantly modified the U.S. Internal Revenue Code by, among other things, reducing the maximum statutory U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017; limiting and/or eliminating many business deductions; migrating the U.S. to a partial territorial tax system with a

one-time

transition tax (the “Toll Charge”) on a mandatory deemed repatriation of previously deferred foreign earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries; subject to certain limitations, generally eliminating U.S. corporate income tax on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; and providing for new taxes on certain foreign earnings.

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs and Changyou’s

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs or Sogou’s

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs, or where Sohu.com Inc.’s

non-U.S.

subsidiaries or VIEs made an “investment in U.S. property,” such as holding stock in, or making a loan to, a U.S. corporation. Under a provision of the U.S. tax code commonly referred to as the CFC look-through rule, Sohu.com Inc. did not have to treat dividends received by its CFC subsidiaries as Subpart F income includible in Sohu.com Inc.’s taxable income in the U.S.

To the extent that portions of Sohu.com Inc.’s U.S. taxable income, such as Subpart F income or global intangible

low-taxed

income (“GILTI”), as applicable, had been determined to be from sources outside of the U.S., subject to certain limitations, Sohu.com Inc. may have been entitled to claim foreign tax credits to offset its U.S. income tax liabilities. Following the enactment of the U.S. TCJA, if dividends that Sohu.com Inc. received from its subsidiaries after January 1, 2018 were determined to be from sources outside of the U.S., subject to certain limitations, Sohu.com Inc. would generally not have been required to pay U.S. corporate income tax on those dividends. Liabilities for U.S. corporate income tax were accrued in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income and estimated tax payments were made when required by U.S. law.

Treatment of Toll Charge Related to the U.S. TCJA

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2017, the Sohu Group had recognized a provisional amount of income tax expense for the Toll Charge of $219 million, which represented management’s estimate of the amount of the Toll Charge that would have been payable by Sohu.com Inc. based on the deemed repatriation to the United States of its share of previously deferred earnings of certain of its

non-U.S.

subsidiaries, offset by a reduction of $4 million in liability for deferred U.S. income tax, as a result of the U.S. TCJA. The Sohu Group included the provisional amount of the Toll Charge of $219 million in its interim financial statements through the quarter ended September 30, 2018, in reliance on Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”).

For the fourth quarter of 2018, the Sohu Group’s management

re-evaluated

the impact on the Sohu Group of the Toll Charge under the U.S. TCJA. Management determined that it was more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the tax position that the Sohu Group had no Toll Charge liability would be sustained. The Group recognized a tax benefit in the amount of $77 million, which was the largest amount that management determined to be greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with the U.S. IRS. As a result, as of December 31, 2018, the Sohu Group had an unrecognized tax benefit in the amount of $142 million, which represented the difference between the tax benefit recognized in the fourth quarter of 2018 and management’s previous estimate of the Toll Charge. The estimate remained unchanged as of December 31, 2021. In addition, the Sohu Group accrued $6 million and $5 million, respectively, in interest on the unrecognized tax benefit for the years of 2020 and 2021.

The tax benefit recognized and the unrecognized tax benefit in relation to the Toll Charge may be subject to further adjustment in subsequent periods based on facts and circumstances that arose after December 31, 2021, such as any IRS assessments upon audit and management’s further judgment and estimates.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The Sohu Group is subject to various taxes in different jurisdictions, but primarily the PRC. Management reviews regularly the adequacy of the provisions for taxes as they relate to the Group’s income and transactions. In order to assess uncertain tax positions, the Group applies a more likely than not threshold and a

two-step

approach for tax position measurement and financial statement recognition. For the

two-step

approach, the first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement.

Net Income/(Loss) per Share

Basic net income/(loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income/(loss) per share is computed using the weighted average number of ordinary shares and, if dilutive, potential ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Potential ordinary shares comprise shares issuable upon the exercise or settlement of share-based awards using the treasury stock method. The dilutive effect of share-based awards with performance requirements is not considered before the performance targets are actually met. The computation of diluted net income/(loss) per share does not assume conversion, exercise, or contingent issuance of securities that would have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e. an increase in earnings per share amounts or a decrease in loss per share amounts) on net income/(loss) per share.

Additionally, for purposes of calculating the numerator of diluted net income/(loss) per share, the net income/(loss) attributable to the Sohu Group is calculated as discussed below. The adjustment will not be made if there is an anti-dilutive effect.

Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu

Prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu was determined using the percentage that the weighted average number of Changyou shares held by Sohu represented of the weighted average number of Changyou ordinary shares and shares issuable upon the exercise or settlement of share-based awards under the treasury stock method, and not by using the percentage held by Sohu of the total economic interest in Changyou, which was used for the calculation of basic net income per share. After the completion of the Changyou Merger, Sohu holds 100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares, so Changyou’s net income/(loss) is wholly attributable to Sohu.

As a result of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, a portion of the share options previously granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger were settled by Changyou at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $5.40 per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

exercise price of $0.01 of such options. None of the remaining share options granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger or that become vested in the future, and none of the share options granted under the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan, will be exercisable, but can only be repurchased by Changyou at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share underlying such vested share options upon termination of the option holders’ employment or upon approval of the Chairman of the Sohu Board. As a result of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, share-based compensation expense will be accrued over the service period based on the fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share. No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

In the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share, before the Sohu Board’s approval of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, a dilutive effect should be assumed. All of Changyou’s existing unvested restricted share units and share options, and vested restricted share units and share options that have not yet been settled or exercised, are treated as vested and settled by Changyou under the treasury stock method, causing the percentage of the weighted average number of shares held by Sohu in Changyou to decrease. As a result, Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis decreased accordingly. Assuming an anti-dilutive effect, all of these Changyou restricted share units and share options are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share. As a result, Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basic net income/(loss) per share.

After the Changyou Plans’ Modification, all of Changyou’s previously granted share-based awards were reclassified as obligation-based awards. Accordingly, all of those Changyou awards are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share. Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basis net income/(loss) per share. There have been no dilutive effects resulting from Changyou’s existing unvested share options.

Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu (Discontinued)

Prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu was determined using the percentage that the weighted average number of Sogou shares held by Sohu represented of the weighted average number of Sogou ordinary shares and shares issuable upon the exercise or settlement of share-based awards under the treasury stock method, and not by using the percentage held by Sohu of the total economic interest in Sogou, which is used for the calculation of basic net income per share. Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu is reflected as discontinued operations in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

In the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share, assuming a dilutive effect, the percentage of Sohu’s shareholding in Sogou was calculated by treating unvested Sogou share options where the performance targets had been achieved, as well as vested but unexercised Sogou share options, as having been exercised during the period. The dilutive effect of share-based awards with a performance requirement was not considered before the performance targets were actually met. Assuming an anti-dilutive effect, all of these Sogou shares and share options are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted income/(loss) per share. As a result, Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basic net income/(loss) per share. As a result of the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, Sohu no longer has any ownership interest in Sogou and Sogou is not included in Sohu’s consolidated financial statements.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring the fair value of financial instruments. This hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is:

Level 1 - observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place.

Level 3 - unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

The Sohu Group’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other current assets, long-term investments, long-term time deposits, restricted time deposits, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, short-term bank loans, other short-term liabilities, long-term bank loans, and long-term other payables.

Cash Equivalents

The Sohu Group’s cash equivalents mainly consist of time deposits with original maturities of three months or less, and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash.

Restricted Cash and Restricted Time Deposits

Restricted cash and restricted time deposits are valued based on the prevailing interest rates in the market using the discounted cash flow method. See Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements.

Short-term Investments

The Sohu Group’s short-term investments mainly consist of investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate and time deposits with maturities of three months to one year. For investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate indexed to the performance of underlying assets and time deposits, the Sohu Group elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition and carried these investments subsequently at fair value. Changes in fair values are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Accounts Receivable, Net

The carrying value of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for credit losses that reflects the Sohu Group’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. The Group makes estimations of the collectability of accounts receivable. Many factors are considered in estimating the general allowance, including reviewing delinquent accounts receivable, performing a customer credit analysis, and analyzing historical bad debt records and current and future economic trends.

Accounts receivable represent historical balances recorded less related cash applications, less allowance for credit losses and any write-offs of any receivables not previously provided for.

Allowance for credit losses

Effective on January 1, 2020, the Sohu Group adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU)

2016-13,

“Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU

2016-13”)

under a modified retrospective transition. This guidance replaces the existing “incurred loss” methodology, and introduces an expected loss approach using macroeconomic forecasts, referred to as a current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology. Under the incurred loss methodology, credit losses are only recognized when the losses are probable of having been incurred. The CECL methodology requires that the full amount of expected credit losses for the lifetime of the financial instrument be recorded at the time it is originated or acquired, considering relevant historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable macroeconomic forecasts that affect the collectability of financial assets, and adjusted for changes in expected lifetime credit losses subsequently, which may require earlier recognition of credit losses.

The Sohu Group adopted ASU

2016-13

using the modified retrospective transition approach and recognized a cumulative-effect adjustment of approximately $6.7 million to the opening balance of accumulated deficit in the consolidated financial statements, including an increase of approximately $3.4 million in the allowance for credit losses of accounts receivable, and an increase of approximately $3.3 million in the allowance for credit losses of accounts receivable and financing receivables classified as assets held for sale. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2020 are presented using the CECL methodology while comparative information continues to be reported in accordance with the incurred loss methodology in effect for prior periods.

The allowance for credit losses reflects the Sohu Group’s estimated expected losses. The Sohu Group estimates the allowance for credit losses, mainly based on past collection experience as well as consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in the Sohu Group’s collection trends. The Sohu Group estimates the expected credit losses for accounts receivable with similar risk characteristics on a pool basis. For each pool, the Sohu Group first estimates its recovery period based on relevant historical accounts receivable collection information. Then the Sohu Group estimates the credit allowances based on the recovery period, the historical distribution of each aging bucket, and the impact of macroeconomic factors.

Accounts receivable are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the same line item.

Accounts receivable, net, as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 consisted of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$	94,528		$	94,908
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(7,007	)		(12,358	)

	$	87,521		$	82,550

The following table presents the aging analysis of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 and 2021

(in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

Less than 179 days	$	78,805	$	79,155
180-359 days		7,569		7,437
360 days and greater		8,154		8,316

Total		94,528		94,908

The movement of allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021
Balance at the beginning of year	$	7,574		$	3,956		$	7,007
Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13 (1)		0			3,383			0
Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries		4,724			2,419			6,292
Write-offs		(8,237	)		(3,231	)		(1,155	)
Exchange difference		(105	)		480			214

Balance at the end of year		3,956			7,007			12,358

Note (1): The Company adopted ASU

2016-13

using the modified retrospective transition approach. The adjustments arising from the new CECL model are recognized in the opening Consolidated Balance Sheet on January 1, 2020.

Equity Investments

Investments in entities are recorded as equity investments under long-term investments. For investments in common stock or

in-substance

common stock of entities over which the Group can exercise significant influence but does not own a majority equity interest or control, the equity method is applied, and the Group adjusts the carrying amount of an investment and recognizes investment income or loss for the Group’s share of the earnings or loss of the investee after the date of investment. For those equity investments accounted for other than under the equity method, the fair value method is applied. However, for equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the Group chooses to account for them at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. If this measurement alternative is elected, changes in the carrying value of the equity investments will be required to be made whenever there are observable price changes in transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The implementation guidance notes that an entity should make a “reasonable effort” to identify price changes that are known or that can reasonably be known.

The Group assesses investments for impairment by considering factors including, but not limited to, current economic and market conditions, operating performance of the companies, including current earnings trends and undiscounted cash flows, and other company-specific information, such as recent financing rounds. The fair value determination, particularly for investments in privately-held companies whose revenue model is still unclear, requires significant judgment to determine appropriate estimates and assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could affect the calculation of the fair value of the investments. If the assessment indicates that an impairment exists, the Group estimates the fair value of the investment and writes down the asset to its fair value, taking the corresponding charge to the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

Long-term Time Deposits

The Sohu Group elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition of time deposits with maturities over one year and carried these investments subsequently at fair value. Changes in fair values are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets include fixed assets and intangible assets.

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets mainly comprise office buildings, leasehold improvements, building improvements, vehicles, office furniture and computer equipment, and hardware. Fixed assets are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation with no residual value. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets.


Fixed Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Office buildings		36-47
Leasehold improvements		Lesser of term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Vehicles		4
Office furniture		5
Computer equipment and hardware		4-5

Expenditure for maintenance and repairs is expensed as incurred.

The gain or loss on the disposal of fixed assets is the difference between the net sale proceeds and the carrying value of the relevant assets and is recognized in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets mainly comprise purchased video content, operating rights for licensed games, domain names and trademarks, computer software, and developed technologies. Intangible assets are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization with no residual value. Amortization of intangible assets other than purchased video content is computed using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives. Amortization of purchased video content is computed based on the trend in viewership accumulation over the shorter of the applicable license period or two years.

The estimated useful lives of the Group’s intangible assets are listed below:


Intangible Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Purchased video content		1 month to 2 years
Computer software		1-5
Developed technologies		3-10
Domain names and trademarks		4-30
Operating rights for licensed games		over the contract terms

Sohu Video enters into nonmonetary transactions to exchange online broadcasting rights for purchased video content with other online video broadcasting companies. Under ASC 845, the cost of a nonmonetary asset acquired in exchange for another nonmonetary asset is the fair value of the asset surrendered to obtain the acquired nonmonetary asset, and a gain or loss should be recognized on the exchange. The fair value of the asset received should be used to measure the cost if the fair value of the asset received is more reliable than the fair value of the asset surrendered. The Sohu Group records these nonmonetary exchanges at the fair values of the online broadcasting rights for purchased video content and recognize any net gain or loss from such exchange

transactions.

Impairment of

Long-lived Assets Other Than Purchased Video Content

In accordance with ASC

360-10-35,

the Sohu Group reviews the carrying values of long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. The evaluation is performed at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows independent of other assets. Recoverability of these assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amounts to the future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of the long-lived assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value. The estimation of future cash flows requires significant management judgment based on the Group’s historical results and anticipated results and is subject to many factors. The discount rate that is commensurate with the risk inherent in the Group’s business model is determined by its management.

Impairment of Purchased Video Content

Purchased video content is stated at the lower of cost less accumulated amortization, or fair value.

In accordance with ASC

920-350-35,

if management’s expectations of the programming usefulness of a program, series, package, or program segment are revised downward, it may be necessary to write off to the income statement the amount by which the unamortized capitalized costs exceed fair value. A write-off from unamortized cost to fair value establishes a new cost basis. Accordingly, the Group measures the video content’s impairment loss by comparing the content’s carrying value to its fair value. An impairment loss will be recorded if the carrying value of video content is higher than its fair value. The impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying value of video content exceeds its fair value.

Lease

The Sohu Group adopted ASU

No. 2016-02,

Leases (Topic 842), at the beginning of the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective method, and did not restate comparable periods.

The Sohu Group elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed the Sohu Group to carry forward the historical lease classification, the assessment on whether an existing or expired contract contains a lease, and the treatment of initial direct costs. The Sohu Group also elected to keep leases with an initial term of 12 months or less off the balance sheet.

Under the new lease guidance, the Sohu Group determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception.

Right-of-use

assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease terms. Certain lease agreements may contain an option to renew a lease for a term agreed to by the Sohu Group and the lessor, or an option to terminate a lease earlier than the expiration date. The Sohu Group considers these options in determining the lease term on a lease-by-lease basis.

The Sohu Group only considers payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of lease commencement. The adoption of the new lease guidance resulted in recognition of $7.4 million of

right-of-use

assets, $

6.7

illion of lease liabilities, $

17.9

million of

right-of-use

assets on assets held

for

sale, and $

16.2

million of lease liabilities on liabilities held for sale as of

January

1, 2019.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired as a result of the Sohu Group’s acquisitions of interests in its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs. If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Group reports in its financial statements provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. If a measurement period adjustment is identified, the Group recognizes the adjustment as part of the acquisition accounting. The Sohu Group increases or decreases the provisional amounts of identifiable assets or liabilities by means of increases or decreases in goodwill for measurement period adjustments.

In accordance with ASC 350, the Group does not amortize goodwill, but tests it for impairment. The Group tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis as of October 1, and between annual tests when an event occurs or circumstances change that could indicate that the asset might be impaired. The Group adopted ASU

No. 2017-04,

Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, and in accordance with the FASB, pursuant to which the Group has the option to choose whether it will apply a qualitative assessment first and then a quantitative assessment, if necessary, or to apply a quantitative assessment directly. For reporting units applying a qualitative assessment first, the Group starts the goodwill impairment test by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is mandatory. Otherwise, no further testing is required. The quantitative impairment test consists of a comparison of the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying value of each reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess, but limited to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. For the Sohu segment, management determined that a quantitative assessment was most appropriate. For the Changyou segment, management performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying amount.

Application of a goodwill impairment test requires significant management judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, and determining the fair value of each reporting unit. The Group estimates fair value using the income approach and the market approach. The fair value determined using the income approach is compared with comparable market data and reconciled, as necessary. The judgment in estimating the fair value of reporting units includes revenue growth rates and profitability in estimating future cash flows; determining appropriate discount rates and earnings multipliers based on market data of comparable companies engaged in a similar business under the market approach; and making other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value for each reporting unit.

Treasury Stock

Treasury stock consists of the Company’s ordinary shares, including ordinary shares represented by ADSs, repurchased by the Company or that it is obligated to repurchase as of the reporting date. Ordinary shares included in treasury stock are no longer deemed to be outstanding. Treasury stock is accounted for under the cost method.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a company

during

a period from transactions and other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments from owners and distributions to owners. Accumulated other comprehensive income, as presented on the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets, consists of the Sohu Group’s cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment.

Functional Currency and Foreign Currency Translation

An entity’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates, normally that is the currency of the environment in which the entity primarily generates and expends cash. Management’s judgment is essential to determine the functional currency by assessing various indicators, such as cash flows, sales price and market, expenses, financing and intra-Group transactions and arrangements. The functional currency of Sohu.com Limited, and its predecessor Sohu.com Inc., is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Sohu Group’s subsidiaries in the U.S., the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands and Hong Kong is the U.S. dollar. The functional currencies of the Sohu Group’s subsidiaries and VIEs in other countries are the national currencies of those counties, rather than the U.S. dollar.

Foreign currency transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are

re-measured

at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency

re-measurement

are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Financial statements of entities with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars, which is the reporting currency. Assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date, and revenues and expenses are translated at the average of the exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Shareholders’ equity accounts are translated using the historical exchange rates at the date the entry to shareholders’ equity was recorded, except for the change in retained earnings during the year, which is translated using the historical exchange rates used to translate each period’s income statement. Differences resulting from translating a foreign currency to the reporting currency are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Simplifying the accounting for income taxes (Topic 740).

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2019-12,

ncome Taxes (Topic 740)-Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

. ASU

No. 2019-12

removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and provides for consistent application of and simplifies generally accepted accounting principles for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. The method of adoption varies depending on the component of the new rule that is being adopted. Early application is permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Investments-Equity securities (Topic 321), Investments-Equity method and joint ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and hedging (Topic 815)-Clarifying the interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815.

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2020-01,

. The amendments clarify the interaction of the accounting for equity investments under Topic 321 and investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting in Topic 323 and the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options accounted for under Topic 815. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Other accounting standards that the Sohu Group adopted beginning January 1, 2021 did not have a significant impact on the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Discontinued Operations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Discontinued Operations Disclosure

. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

Discontinued Operation of Sogou

Between Sohu’s entry into the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase Agreement on September 29, 2020 and the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, Sogou met the criteria for discontinued operations. Accordingly, the results of operations for Sogou’s business prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase are excluded from Sohu’s results from continuing operations in the Sogou Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income and are presented in separate line items as discontinued operations. Retrospective adjustments to the historical statements have been made in order to provide a consistent basis of comparison. Additionally, as of December 31, 2020, the related assets and liabilities associated with the discontinued operations with respect to Sogou were classified as assets held for sale and liabilities held for sale associated with discontinued operations in the consolidated balance sheets to provide comparable financial information. Long-lived assets have not been depreciated or amortized after they were classified as held for sale. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the period ended September 23, 2021, depreciation and amortization expenses of $17.0 million and $46.7 million were not recognized for long-lived assets accordingly. On September 23, 2021, the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase and the Sogou Merger were completed, and Sohu recognized gain of approximately

$855

million, net of transaction and other costs, which is included in income from discontinued operations. After September 23, 2021, Sohu no longer had any ownership interest in Sogou.

The following tables set forth the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of discontinued operations with respect to Sogou, that were included in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements

(in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2020
ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents	$	287,185
Restricted cash		23,018
Short-term investments		774,618
Account and financing receivables, net		73,656
Prepaid and other current assets		28,946
Long-term investments, net		74,004
Fixed assets, net		89,089
Goodwill		6,527
Intangible assets, net		1,446
Other assets		53,679

Total assets associated with discontinued operations	$	1,412,168

LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	122,695
Accrued liabilities		68,582
Receipts in advance		64,414
Accrued salary and benefits		25,350
Taxes payable		64,082
Other short-term liabilities		61,154
Long-term liabilities		10,721

Total liabilities associated with discontinued operations	$	416,998


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020			2021 (1)

Revenues	$	1,172,252	$	924,664		$	407,607
Cost of revenues		738,454		722,614			274,408
Gross profit		433,798		202,050			133,199
Operating expenses:
Research and development (2)		190,402		193,376			141,506
Sales and marketing (2)		138,291		102,523			53,481
General and administrative (2)		40,670		29,271			11,854
Total operating expenses		369,363		325,170			206,841
Operating profit/(loss)		64,435		(123,120	)		(73,642	)
Interest income		4,443		2,807			2,377
Interest expense		0		0			(761	)
Foreign currency exchange gain/(loss)		1,849		(7,767	)		(848	)
Other income, net		21,127		38,633			81,655
Income/(loss) from discontinued operations before income tax expense		91,854		(89,447	)		8,781
Income tax expense/(benefit)		2,748		2,346			(1,112	)
Results of operations from discontinued operations, net of tax		89,106		(91,793	)		9,893
Gain on disposal of discontinued operations		0		0			855,009

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax		89,106		(91,793	)		864,902

Effective Tax Rate


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021 (1)(3)
Statutory Rate:		25	%		25	%		25	%
Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		(2	%)		(18	%)		127	%
Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		3	%		(3	%)		(90	%)
Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets		7	%		(43	%)		349	%
Research and development super-deduction and other permanent book-tax differences		(25	%)		35	%		(249	%)
Capital gains from equity investments		(5	%)		1	%		(175	%)

		3	%		(3	%)		(13	%)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021 (1)
Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued operating activities	$	219,516		$	(68,187	)	$	(175,888	)
Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities		(217,598	)		235,374			1,054,148
Net cash used in discontinued financing activities		(33,415	)		(8,209	)		(9,132	)

Note	(1): Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

Note (2): Expenses generated from marketing services between the Sohu Group and Sogou Group, and leasing expenses generated from a building that Sohu leases to Sogou are not eliminated because those expenses are considered to continue after the disposal of the discontinued operations.

Note (3): The changes in the effective tax rate for the period ended September 23, 2021 resulted from the lower income from discontinued operations before income tax expense.

Discontinued Operation of Shanghai Jingmao

In May 2010, Changyou acquired 50% of the equity interests in Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Jingmao”) and an affiliate of Shanghai Jingmao, which were primarily engaged in the cinema advertising business. In January 2011, Changyou acquired the remaining 50% of the equity interests in Shanghai Jingmao and its affiliate for total consideration of approximately $3.0 million. In the fourth quarter of 2011, a full impairment loss of $5.2 million on goodwill was recognized for the cinema advertising business.

the second quarter of 2019, after assessing the collectability of the assets of the cinema advertising business, including receivables and prepayments, Changyou recognized a $17.0 million asset impairment charge for the cinema advertising

business.

Changyou ceased

operating the cinema advertising business and wound down the business in

August 2019

as a result of a Chinese court in Shanghai having granted a petition by Shanghai Jingmao for bankruptcy relief on August

2019

. Accordingly, the results of operations for Changyou’s cinema advertising business have been excluded from Changyou’s results from continuing operations in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income and are presented in separate line items as discontinued operations. Retrospective adjustments to the historical statements have been made in order to provide a consistent basis of comparison. Changyou recognized

nil

disposal gain/loss for the years ended December

2019

and

2020

. However, Changyou may recognize disposal gain/loss in the future, depending on developments in the bankruptcy proceedings in the Chinese court

See Note 8 - Balance Sheet Components.

The following tables set forth the results of operations and cash flows of discontinued operations with respect to Changyou’s cinema advertising business, that were included in the Group’s consolidated financial statements (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019 (1)

Revenues	$	37,323
Cost of revenues		43,857
Gross loss		(6,534	)
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		8,807
General and administrative		18,583
Total operating expenses		27,390
Operating loss		(33,924	)
Interest income		7
Other income/(expense), net		61
Loss from discontinued operations before income tax expense		(33,856	)
Income tax expense		142

Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		(33,998	)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019 (1)

Net cash provided by discontinued operating activities	$	9,341
Net cash used in discontinued investing activities		(10,808	)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities		0

Note (1): Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2019 to August 12, 2019.

Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract]

Segment Information

4. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Sohu Group’s segments are business units that offer different services and are reviewed separately by the CODM in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Group’s CODM is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. There are two segments in the Sohu Group, consisting of Sohu and Changyou. Before Sohu’s entry into the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase Agreement on September 29, 2020, there were three segments in the Sohu Group, consisting of Sohu, Changyou, and Sogou. Between September 29, 2020 and the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, Sogou met the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations. Accordingly, Sogou’s historical financial results are reflected in Sohu’s consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. The Sohu Group segments consisted of Sohu and Changyou thereafter. As most of the Sohu Group’s long-lived assets are located in, and substantially all of the revenues of the Sohu Group’s reportable segments are derived from China, where the Sohu Group’s services and products are provided to customers, no geographical information is presented.

The following tables present summary information by segment (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31, 2019
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations			Consolidated

Revenues	$	218,442		$	455,380		$	(19	)	$	673,803
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(148,258	)		(95,268	)		21			(243,505	)

Segment gross profit		70,184			360,112			2			430,298
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(23	)		(120	)		1			(142	)

Gross profit		70,161			359,992			3			430,156

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(113,761	)		(119,726	)		0			(233,487	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(155,226	)		(49,768	)		2			(204,992	)
General and administrative (1)		(31,330	)		(22,074	)		(17	)		(53,421	)
Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions		(7,245	)		0			0			(7,245	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(1,023	)		(1,185	)		0			(2,208	)

Total operating expenses		(308,585	)		(192,753	)		(15	)		(501,353	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(238,424	)		167,239			(12	)		(71,197	)

Other income											7,963
Interest income											6,103
Interest expense											(14,370	)
Exchange difference											1,430

Loss before income tax expense											(70,071	)
Income tax benefit											(28,428	)

Net loss from continuing operations											(98,499	)
Net income from discontinued operations											55,108

Net loss										$	(43,391	)

Note (1): Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $50.7 million and $16.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.


	Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenues	$	201,544		$	548,346		$	0	$	749,890
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(122,362	)		(94,362	)		7		(216,717	)

Segment gross profit		79,182			453,984			7		533,173
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(177	)		(543	)		0		(720	)

Gross profit		79,005			453,441			7		532,453

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(97,681	)		(136,934	)		0		(234,615	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(106,057	)		(53,272	)		0		(159,329	)
General and administrative (1)		(25,861	)		(25,517	)		0		(51,378	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(1,759	)		(12,001	)		0		(13,760	)

Total operating expenses		(231,358	)		(227,724	)		0		(459,082	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(152,353	)		225,717			7		73,371

Other income										25,993
Interest income										7,369
Interest expense										(6,234	)
Exchange difference										(3,800	)

Loss before income tax expense										96,699
Income tax expense										(133,226	)

Net loss from continuing operations										(36,527	)
Net income from discontinued operations										(91,793	)

Net loss									$	(128,320	)

Note (1): Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $26.4 million and $13.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.


	Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations		Consolidated

Revenues	$	186,606		$	648,970		$	0	$	835,576
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(113,881	)		(90,517	)		4		(204,394	)

Segment gross profit		72,725			558,453			4		631,182
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(1	)		(276	)		0		(277	)

Gross profit		72,724			558,177			4		630,905

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(113,186	)		(151,773	)		0		(264,959	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(126,126	)		(56,396	)		0		(182,522	)
General and administrative (1)		(36,949	)		(40,702	)		0		(77,651	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(804	)		(7,497	)		0		(8,301	)

Total operating expenses		(277,065	)		(256,368	)		0		(533,433	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(204,341	)		301,809			4		97,472

Other income										29,416
Interest income										15,641
Interest expense										(7,500	)
Exchange difference										(3,462	)

Income before income tax expense										131,567
Income tax expense										(62,296	)

Net loss from continuing operations										69,271
Net loss from discontinued operations										864,902

Net loss									$	934,173

Note (1): Total

depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $23.4 million and $12.6 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.


	As of December 31, 2020
	Sohu		Changyou		Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,977	$	160,080	$	0		$	217,057
Accounts receivable, net		60,886		26,635		0			87,521
Fixed assets, net		174,700		162,976		(2	)		337,674
Total assets (1)	$	1,632,736	$	2,478,705	$	(2,701,488	)	$	1,409,953

Note (1): The elimination for segment assets mainly consists of elimination of intra-Group loans between Sohu and Changyou, and elimination of long-term investments in subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs.


	As of December 31, 202 1
	Sohu		Changyou		Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents	$	929,851	$	69,098	$	0		$	998,949
Accounts receivable, net		48,108		34,442		0			82,550
Fixed assets, net		170,213		159,784		0			329,997
Total assets (1)	$	2,294,537	$	2,610,964	$	(2,659,716	)	$	2,245,785

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE [Abstract]

Share-based Compensation Expense

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share-based Compensation Expense

5. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE

Share-based compensation expense was recognized in costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
Share-based compensation expense	2019			2020		2021
Cost of revenues	$	142		$	720	$	277
Product development expenses		1,364			7,325		3,904
Sales and marketing expenses		(326	)		460		166
General and administrative expenses		1,170			5,975		4,231

	$	2,350		$	14,480	$	8,578

Share-based compensation expense was recognized for share awards of Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou and Sohu Video as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
Share-based compensation expense	2019			2020			2021
For Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) share-based awards	$	1,940		$	2,633		$	1,849
For Changyou share-based awards		1,305			12,545			7,773
For Sohu Video share-based awards		(895	)		(698	)		(1,044	)

	$	2,350		$	14,480		$	8,578

The negative amounts in the tables above resulted from

re-measured

compensation expense based on the then-current fair value of the awards on the reporting date.

There was no capitalized share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.

Advertising and Promotional Expenses, included in Sales and Marketing Expenses	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021
ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL EXPENSES, INCLUDED IN SALES AND MARKETING EXPENSES [Abstract]
Advertising and Promotional Expenses, included in Sales and Marketing Expenses	6. ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL EXPENSES, INCLUDED IN SALES AND MARKETING EXPENSES Advertising and promotional expenses are included in sales and marketing expenses, and generally represent the expenses of promotions to create or stimulate a positive image of the Sohu Group or a desire to subscribe for the Group’s products and services. Advertising expenses are expensed as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, advertising and promotional expenses recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income were $98.5 million, $84.7 million and $124.6 million, respectively.

Other Income, Net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

OTHER INCOME, NET [Abstract]

Other Income, Net

7. OTHER INCOME, NET

The following table summarizes the Sohu Group’s other income/(expense) (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Rental income from Sogou (1)		8,029			9,793			10,427
Investment income		3,004			3			6,352
Income from investments in financial instruments (2)		11,113			4,303			5,260
Individual tax refund and additional deduction of PRC value-added tax		907			6,169			4,827
Write-down of unpaid long-term accounts payable		0			47			1,276
Gover nment grant		5,763			5,928			418
Impairment loss on equity investments ( 3 )		(23,154	)		(384	)		(215	)
Donations		(283	)		(1,460	)		(1,565	)
Others		2,584			1,594			2,636
	$	7,963		$	25,993		$	29,416

Note (1): Sogou leases from Sohu, on an arms-length basis, office space at Sohu.com Internet Plaza under a lease that expires on December 31, 2022 and may be renewed subject to terms to be agreed to by Sohu and Sogou.

The cash receipts from this lease within operating activities for 2021, 2020 and 2019 were $12.3 million, $12.1 million and $8.4 million, respectively.

Note (2): The increase for 2021 compared to 2020 and the decrease for 2020 compared to 2019 were mainly due to income earned from investments in financial instruments.

Note (

): In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Sohu Group recognized impairment losses of $23.2 million for equity investments.

Balance Sheet Components

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Components

8. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS (IN THOUSANDS)


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$	94,528			94,908
Allowance for credit losses		(7,007	)		(12,358	)

	$	87,521			82,550

The following table presents the movement of allowances for credit losses for the years of 2019, 2020 and 2021:


	Balance at the beginning of year		Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13		Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries		Write-offs			Exchange difference			Balance at the end of year
2019		7,574		0		4,724		(8,237	)		(105	)		3,956
2020		3,956		3,383		2,419		(3,231	)		480			7,007
2021		7,007		0		6,292		(1,155	)		214			12,358


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021
Prepaid and other current assets
Matching loan due from a related party (See Note 9)	$	34,123	$	34,123
Prepaid taxes		25,043		28,719
Prepaid revenue-sharing cost		10,120		12,428
Prepaid content and license costs		11,029		8,694
Prepaid advertising and promotion fee		244		4,685
Interest receivable from bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less		3,875		3,059
Receivables from third party payment platforms		5,488		2,670
Prepaid professional fees		2,365		2,432
Prepaid rental deposit s		2,310		1,928
Emplo yee advances		587		569
Prepaid office rent and facilities expenses		696		338
Others		10,710		7,666

		$106,590	$	107,311

Prepaid non-current assets
Prepaid PRC income tax for the sale of assets associated with 17173.com by Sohu to Changyou	$	1,006	$	0

	$	1,006	$	0

Other short-term liabilities
Matching loans due to a related party (See Note 9)		34,123		34,123
Contingent liability related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation (1)		23,900		23,900
Deposits related to Focus		21,936		10,387
Share-based awards in Changyou		13,292		20,693
Other payables related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation (2)		0		9,380
Contract deposits from advertisers		3,036		2,679
Lease liabilities		1,107		1,999
Consideration payable for equity investment		751		769
Others		8,026		8,638

	$	106,171	$	112,568

Note (1): The contingent liability represents the aggregate of estimated potential payments to third parties in connection with the liquidation of Shanghai Jingmao. The stated amount of the contingent liability reflects Changyou’s best estimate as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 pursuant to ASC

450-20.

Changyou may revise this estimate in the future based on developments in PRC bankruptcy court proceedings regarding.

Note (2): Shanghai Jingmao. In 2021, Changyou received $9.4 million from the bankruptcy proceedings, as a creditor of Shanghai Jingmao, during the process of the liquidation of Shanghai Jingmao. No disposal gain was recognized due to the uncertainty with the proceedings that were still ongoing.


Receipts in advance and deferred revenue
Receipts in advance relating to:
brand advertising business	$	5,214	$	4,297
online game business		7,869		9,310
other business		6,029		5,286

Total receipts in advance		19,112		18,893
Deferred revenue		32,943		38,148

	$52,055		$57,041

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
Related Party Transactions	Dec. 31, 2021
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	9. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Under an agreement between Sohu and Fox Financial Technology Group Limited (“Fox Financial,” formerly known as “SoEasy Internet Finance Group Limited”) entered into in August 2014, Sohu invested $ 4.8 million and $ 16.1 million, respectively, in Fox Financial in August 2014 and April 2015. In February 2016, Sohu invested an additional $ 10.5 million in Fox Financial. Changyou’s Loan Arrangements with Fox Financial Commencing in April 2015, certain subsidiaries of Changyou and certain subsidiaries of Fox Financial entered into a series of loan agreements pursuant to which the subsidiaries of Changyou were entitled to draw down HK dollar-denominated or U.S. dollar-denominated loans from the Fox Financial subsidiaries and the Fox Financial subsidiaries were entitled to draw down equivalent RMB-denominated loans from the Changyou subsidiaries, to facilitate each other’s business operations. All of the loans carry a fixed rate of interest which approximated the market interest rate at the inception of the loans. In December 2018 and 2019, Changyou entered into supplemental agreements with Fox Financial pursuant to which all accrued and unpaid interest on the loans as of December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2019 was added to the principal of the corresponding loans. Due to the depreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar in 2018, the principal amounts of Changyou’s outstanding RMB-denominated loans to Fox Financial as of December 31, 2018 were adjusted upward to amounts equal to the principal amounts of Fox Financials’ outstanding U.S. dollar denominated loans to Changyou as of December 31, 2018, multiplied by the monthly average RMB to U.S. dollar exchange rate published by the Bank of China for the month of December 2018. As a result of such adjustment, Changyou advanced additional RMB-denominated loans in the principal amount of RMB8.2 million (approximately $1.2 million) to Fox Financial in January 2019. In December 2019, Changyou entered into a supplemental agreement with Fox Financial pursuant to which Fox Financial provided security for its repayment obligations to Changyou. Under this supplemental agreement, if Fox Financial fails to repay the RMB-denominated loan principal and corresponding interest owed to Changyou, Changyou will have the right to apply the amount of a security deposit, consisting of the outstanding U.S. dollar-denominated loan principal and corresponding interest owed by Changyou to Fox Financial, to repay the RMB-denominated loan principal and interest owed by Fox Financial to Changyou. The security deposit will be required to be replenished by Fox Financial if the amount of the security deposit is insufficient to repay the loan principal and interest of the RMB-denominated loan owed to Changyou, and any remaining security deposit will be returned to Fox Financial if there is a surplus after the repayment of the RMB-denominated loan principal and interest. The parties entered into an additional supplemental agreement pursuant to which Changyou provided security for its repayment obligations to Fox Financial. Under this supplemental agreement, if Changyou fails to repay the U.S. dollar-denominated loan principal and corresponding interest owed to Fox Financial, Fox Financial will have the right to apply the amount of a security deposit, consisting of the outstanding RMB-denominated loan principal and corresponding interest owed by Fox Financial to Changyou, to repay the U.S. dollar-denominated loan principal and interest owed by Changyou to Fox Financial. The security deposit will be required to be replenished by Changyou if the amount of the security deposit is insufficient to repay the U.S. dollar-denominated loan principal and interest owed by Changyou to Fox Financial, and any remaining security deposit will be returned to Changyou if there is a surplus after the repayment of the U.S. dollar-denominated loan principal and interest. The loan arrangements expired on December 31, 2020 and no new supplemental agreements were signed. In May 2021, Changyou notified Fox Financial of Changyou’s intention to exercise its rights under the supplemental agreement by applying the security deposit to repay the RMB-denominated loan principal and corresponding interest owed by Fox Financial to Changyou. As of the date of this report, Changyou has not received any response from Fox Financial and accordingly, with an abundance of caution, has not so applied any of the security deposit. Changyou performed an assessment of its expected credit losses for the RMB-denominated loans receivable from Fox Financial. As of December 31, 2021, the Sohu Group had accrued a cumulative allowance for credit losses of approximately $3.3 million based on Changyou’s estimate of the net of the outstanding amount of such loans receivable from Fox Financial over the amount of the security deposit and on the lack of solvency of Fox Financial. As of December 31, 2021, net loan receivables and loans payable under such loan arrangements, each in the amount of $34.1 million, were recorded as prepaid and other current assets and other short-term liabilities, respectively, in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

10. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Level 1 - observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place.

Level 3 - unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value

The following table sets forth the financial instruments, measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31, 2020 (in thousands):


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Cash equivalents	$	173,655	$	0	$	173,655	$	0
Restricted cash		330,791		0		330,791		0
Restricted time deposits		101,519		0		101,519		0
Short-term investments		100,745		0		100,745		0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values		9,457		9,457		0		0

The

following table sets forth the financial instruments, measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31, 2021

(in thousands):


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Cash equivalents	$	949,884	$	0	$	949,884	$	0
Restricted cash		1,969		0		1,969		0
Short-term investments		399,345		0		399,345		0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values		14,642		14,642		0		0
Long-term time deposits		189,007		0		189,007		0

Cash Equivalents

The Sohu Group’s cash equivalents mainly consist of time deposits with original maturities of three months or less, notice deposits, and highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash. The fair values of cash equivalents are determined based on the pervasive interest rates in the market. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use the pervasive interest rates input as Level 2 of fair value measurements. Generally, there are no quoted prices in active markets for identical cash equivalents at the reporting date. In order to determine the fair value, the Group must use the discounted cash flow method and observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Restricted Cash and Restricted Time Deposits

Restricted cash and restricted time deposits are valued based on the prevailing interest rates in the market using the discounted cash flow method. The Sohu Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurements.

Changyou Loans from Offshore Banks, Secured by Time Deposits

In 2018, Changyou drew down loans from the Hong Kong branches of PRC banks, which were secured by an equivalent or greater amount of RMB deposits by Changyou in the PRC branches of the banks. The loans from the Hong Kong branches of the lending banks were repaid in April 2019 by Changyou and the RMB deposits in the PRC branches of the banks were released.

In the fourth quarter of 2020 and the first quarter of 2021, Changyou drew down from an offshore branch of a PRC bank loans of

$215.6

million and $153 million, respectively, secured by an equivalent amount of RMB deposits by Changyou in the PRC branch of the bank and a mortgage on a building owned by Sohu. The loans carried floating rates of interest based on the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). The loans were repaid in full in September 2021 by Changyou and the RMB deposits in the PRC branch of the bank were released.

For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, interest income from the restricted time deposits securing the loans were $5.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and expense for interest on the loans was $5.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

In the second quarter of

2020

, Changyou pledged deposit certificates in connection with the Sohu Group’s financing of the Changyou Merger.

As of December 31, 2020, Changyou had pledged deposit certificates in the amount of $212 million in the aggregate, of which $110 million was recorded as restricted cash and $102 million was recorded as restricted time deposits. In September 2021, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance under the Facility Agreement with ICBC Tokyo, and as a result all of Changyou’s deposit certificate pledges were released and the Facility Agreement was terminated.

Short-term Investments

The Sohu Group’s short-term investments mainly consist of investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate and time deposits with maturities of three months to one year. In

accordance with ASC 825, for investments

in financial instruments with a variable interest rate indexed to performance of underlying assets and time deposits, the Sohu Group elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition and carried these investments at fair value. Changes in the fair value are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as other income/(expense) and interest income. To estimate fair value, the Group refers to the quoted rate of return provided by banks at the end of each period using the discounted cash flow method. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as

Level 2 of fair value measurements.

As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Sohu Group’s investment in these financial instruments

was $399.3 million

and $100.7 million, respectively. The investment instruments

with variable interest rates

were issued by commercial banks in China, and

are

indexed to performance of underlying assets. Since these investments’ maturity dates are within one year, they are classified as short-term investments. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Sohu Group recorded gains from changes in the fair value of short-term investments in the amounts of $5.3 million and $4.3 million, respectively, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Long-term Investments

Long-term investments consist of equity investments in publicly traded companies, privately-held companies and limited partnerships.

ASU

2016-01,

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,

amends certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The main provisions require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value through earnings, unless they qualify for a measurement alternative. The new guidance required modified retrospective application to all outstanding instruments beginning January 1, 2018, with a cumulative effect adjustment recorded to opening accumulated deficit as of the beginning of the first period in which the guidance becomes effective. However, changes to the accounting for equity securities without a readily determinable fair value will be applied prospectively.

The Group measures equity investments under the equity method and equity investments without readily determinable fair values at fair value on a

non-recurring

basis when an impairment charge is to be recognized. As of December 31, 2020 and 2021, certain investments were measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) and written down from their respective carrying values to their fair values, considering the stage of development, the business plan, the financial condition, the sufficiency of funding and the operating performance of the investee companies, with impairment charges incurred and recorded in other income for the years then ended. The Group recognized impairment losses of $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively, for investments without readily determinable fair values in 2020 and 2021.

Equity Investments Accounted for Using the Equity Method

For investments in common stock or

in-substance

non-recurring

basis only if an impairment charge is to be recognized. The Group classifies these

non-recurring

fair value measurements as Level 3 of fair value measurement.

Equity Investments with Readily Determinable Fair Values

Effective as of January 1, 2018, all equity investments in unconsolidated entities (other than those accounted for using the equity method of accounting) will generally be measured at fair value through earnings. There will no longer be an

available-for-sale

classification (changes in fair value previously reported in other comprehensive income) for equity securities with readily determinable fair values.

Equity investments with readily determinable fair values are valued using the market approach based on the quoted prices in active markets at the reporting date. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these inputs as Level 1 of fair value measurements.

Equity Investments without Readily Determinable Fair Values

Based on ASU

2016-01,

an entity will be able to elect to record equity investments without readily determinable fair values and not accounted for by the equity method at cost, less impairment, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investments of the same issuer. Entities that elect this measurement alternative will report changes in the carrying value of the equity investments in current earnings.

If this measurement alternative is elected, changes in the carrying value of the equity investment will be required to be made whenever there are observable price changes in transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The implementation guidance notes that an entity should make a “reasonable effort” to identify price changes that are known or that can reasonably be known. When observable price changes were identified, the Group used the back-solve method to

re-measure

the fair value of the investments and to determine the amount that should be recorded as upward or downward adjustments. The back-solve method requires considering the rights and preferences of each classes of equity and solving for the total equity value that is consistent with a recent transaction of the subject company’s securities. This method requires making assumptions on future outcomes available to the subject company, the probability of each scenario, expected time to liquidity events, volatility and risk-free rate. The Group classifies this

non-recurring

fair value measurement as Level 3 of fair value measurement.

Long-term Time Deposits

The Sohu Group elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition of time deposits with maturities over

one

year and carried these investments subsequently at fair value. Changes in fair values are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Sohu Group classifies the valuation techniques as Level 2 of fair value measurements.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The following table sets forth assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 (in thousands)


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	$	2,585	$	0	$	0	$	2,585
Intangible assets, net		4,842		0		0		4,842
Goodwill		48,434		0		0		48,434


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	$	2,555	$	0	$	0	$	2,555
Intangible assets, net		9,136		0		0		9,136
Goodwill		48,811		0		0		48,811

Purchased Video Content Recorded in Prepaid and Other Assets

The impairment losses recognized in prepaid and other assets were mainly due to impairment losses for Sohu Video’s purchased video content. See Note 14 - Intangible Assets, Net.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets mainly comprise purchased video content, operating rights for licensed games, domain names and trademarks, computer software, and developed technologies. The impairment losses recognized for intangible assets were mainly due to impairment losses for the domain name related to the 56.com Website and Sohu Video’s purchased video content. See Note 14 - Intangible Assets, Net.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired as a result of the Group’s acquisitions of interests in its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs. See Note 13 - Goodwill.

Short-term Receivables and Payables

Accounts receivable and other current assets are financial assets with carrying values that approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Short-term accounts payable, accrued liabilities, short-term bank loans and other short-term liabilities are financial liabilities with carrying values that approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Short-term Bank Loans

For short-term bank loans, the rates of interest under the agreements with the lending banks were determined based on the prevailing interest rates in the market.

•

Credit agreements with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited (“ICBC”)

In September 2017, Sohu entered into credit agreements with ICBC pursuant to which Sohu was entitled to borrow from ICBC from time to time until March 31, 2018 up to a combined aggregate of RMB800 million (or $116.6 million). The loan is secured by the pledge of Sohu’s building which serves as Sohu’s corporate headquarters in Beijing (“Sohu’s headquarters”). Interest accrues on the principal amounts of the loans outstanding at an annual rate equal to the Loan Prime Rate (“LPR”) published by the National Interbank Funding Center, plus 1.2%. The outstanding principal amount of the loan will be payable in four equal installments, with the first installment payable 18 months after the drawdown and the other three installments payable semi-annually at the end of each of the three successive

six-month

periods after the first installment payment.

In July 2020, Sohu repaid all of the outstanding balance under the loan arrangements with ICBC and Sohu’s headquarters were released from the pledge. As of both December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total outstanding balance of the loan was nil.

•

Credit agreements with the China Merchants Bank Co., Ltd. (“CMB”)

In April 2018, Sohu entered into credit agreements with CMB pursuant to which Sohu was entitled to borrow from CMB from time to time until March 22, 2021 up to an aggregate of RMB700 million (or approximately $102.0 million) (the “CMB Loan”).

In April 2018, Sohu made an initial drawdown under the CMB Loan with a term of 12 months in the amount of RMB400 million (or $58.3 million) (the “First Drawdown”). The proceeds of the First Drawdown were used to repay in full the outstanding balance and all accrued and unpaid interest under credit agreements between Sohu and Ping An Bank. The CMB Loan was secured by a pledge of Sohu’s building, which was released from the pledge after Ping An Bank received such repayment. Interest accrued on the outstanding principal balance at a rate of 6% per year. In April 2019, the outstanding principal amount of the First Drawdown was repaid in full.

June 2018

, Sohu made a drawdown under the CMB Loan with a term of

months in the amount of RMB

300

million (or approximately $

43.7

million) (the “Subsequent Drawdown”). Interest accrued on the outstanding principal balance at a rate of

% per year. The outstanding principal amount of the Subsequent Drawdown was payable in

four

installments.

The first installment of RMB45 million (or $6.7 million) was paid in December 2018; the second and third installments of RMB90 million (or $13.1 million) in the aggregate were paid early in June 2019; and the fourth installment of RMB165 million (or $23.3million) was paid early in July 2019.

In April 2019 and May 2019, Sohu made drawdowns under the CMB Loan with a term of 12 months in the aggregate amount of RMB399 million ($59.3 million). Interest accrues on the outstanding principal balances at a rate of 5.1% per year. The outstanding principal amount of each drawdown will be due and payable 12 months after such drawdown.

In May 2020, Sohu repaid all of the outstanding balance under the loan arrangements with CMB and the pledge of Sohu’s building was released. As of both December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total outstanding balance of the CMB loan was nil.

•

Credit agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Tokyo Branch (“ICBC Tokyo”)

On April 3, 2020, the Company’s indirect wholly-owned subsidiary Sohu.com (Game) Limited (“Sohu Game”), as borrower, and Sohu.com Limited, as

guarantor, entered into a facility agreement (the “Facility Agreement”) with ICBC Tokyo pursuant to which ICBC Tokyo agreed to provide a term loan facility of up to $250 million (the “Term Facility”), subject to customary conditions, to be used to finance the consummation of the Changyou Merger and the related transactions and to pay related fees and expenses associated with the Changyou Merger. The Term Facility consisted of (i) a

one-year

term facility for term loans of up to $100 million (the

“One-Year

Facility”) and (ii) a four-year term facility for term loans of up to $150 million (the “Four-Year Facility”). The outstanding principal amount of the loans under the

One-Year

Facility is due in full on the

one-year

anniversary of the date of the first utilization of the

One-Year

Facility. The outstanding principal amount of the loans under the Four-Year Facility

was

due in installments, with $7.5 million due and payable at the end of each of the second and third calendar years during the term of the Four-Year Facility and the remaining outstanding principal amount

was

due and payable on the fourth anniversary of the date of the first utilization of the

One-Year

Facility. The Term Facility

bore

interest at a rate of Three Month LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75%, with LIBOR to be determined by ICBC on the basis of the London InterBank Offered Rate published two business days before the first day of each three calendar month interest period. Accrued interest

paid every three calendar months on the first day after the end of each such three-month interest period.

The obligations of Sohu Game as borrower under the Term Facility were initially fully guaranteed by Sohu.com Limited, and were initially secured by first priority share pledges over 97.9% of the outstanding equity interests in Changyou. In the second quarter of 2020, Changyou pledged deposit certificates evidencing an RMB deposit in the amount of $192 million in the aggregate at an exchange rate of

RMB7.20 to $1.00

, equivalent to the Facility Agreement amount. Upon the effectiveness of such additional pledge, Sohu’s previous guarantee, and all the previous share pledges or mortgages over the outstanding equity interests in Changyou, to secure the loans from ICBC Tokyo were released and discharged.

In September 2021, the Company repaid all of the outstanding balance under the Facility Agreement with ICBC Tokyo, and as a result all of Changyou’s deposit certificates pledges were released and the Facility Agreement was terminated.

Long-term Payables

Long-term payables mainly consist of long-term other payables and long-term bank loans.

Long-term

other payables are financial liabilities with carrying values that approximate fair value.

After the Changyou Plans’ Modification, long term

other

payables also include liabilities accrued over the option holders’ service periods with a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

+ References + Details

Lease

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

LEASE [Abstract]

Leases

11. LEASE

The Group has entered into operating lease agreements, primarily for offices in China with lease periods expiring between 2021 and 2026. The determination of whether an arrangement is or contains a lease is made at the inception of the lease by evaluating whether the arrangement conveys the right to use an identified asset and whether the Group obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from and has the ability to direct the use of the asset. Operating lease assets and liabilities are included on the Group’s consolidated balance sheets beginning January 1, 2019. The

right-of-use

assets are included in other assets, while the current portion of the operating lease liabilities is included in other short-term liabilities and the long-term portion is included in other long-term liabilities. The Group has elected to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of twelve months or less on the consolidated balance sheets.

Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at the lease commencement date. The Group uses its incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of the future lease payments, because the interest rate implicit in most of the leases is not readily determinable. The Group estimates its incremental borrowing rate for each leased asset based on the interest rate the Group would incur to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term in a similar economic environment.

Certain

lease agreements contain an option for the Group to renew a lease for a term agreed to by the Group and the lessor or an option to terminate a lease earlier than the maturity date. The Group considers these options, which may be elected at the Group’s sole discretion, in determining the lease term on a

lease-by-lease

basis. The Group’s lease agreements generally do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Certain of the Group’s leases contain free or escalating rent payment terms. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Group’s lease agreements generally contain lease and

non-lease

components.

Non-lease

components consist primarily of payments for maintenance and utilities. The Group has identified separate lease and

non-lease

components, allocated the contractual considerations between components based on the terms specified in the lease agreements, and accounted for the lease components separately from the

non-lease

components. Payments under the lease arrangements are primarily fixed with no variable payments.

Components of operating lease expense are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021

Operating lease expense	$	3,985	$	2,952
Short-term lease expense		297		563

Total operating lease expense	$	4,282	$	3,515

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities

Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	3,206	$	3,085


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	5,351	$	2,620

The following table presents supplemental balance sheet information related to the operating leases (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	4,998	$	5,207

Liabilities:
Current lease liabilities		1,107		1,999
Non-current lease liabilities		3,855		3,142

Total operating lease liabilities	$	4,962	$	5,141

Maturities of lease liabilities under operating leases as of December 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


2022	$	2,853
2023		2,240
2024		277
2025		98
202 6		0
Thereafter		0

Total future lease payments		5,468
Less: imputed interest		327

Total present value of lease liabilities	$	5,141

As of December 31, 2021, operating leases

recognized

in lease liabilities had a weighted average remaining lease term of 2.1 years and a weighted average discount rate of 5.7%. As of December 31, 2021, liabilities for leases that had been entered into, but the term of which had not yet commenced, amounted to $0.2 million.

Fixed Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

FIXED ASSETS [Abstract]

Fixed Assets

12. FIXED ASSETS

The following table summarizes the Sohu Group’s fixed assets (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Office buildings	$	392,045		$	401,223
Computer equipment and hardware		132,021			123,079
Leasehold and building improvements		36,649			37,753
Office furniture		6,841			6,960
Vehicles		3,729			3,515

Fixed assets, gross		571,285			572,530
Accumulated depreciation		(233,611	)		(242,533	)

Fixed assets, net	$	337,674		$	329,997

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, depreciation expenses for fixed assets were $23.5 million, $25.5 million and $28.2 million, respectively.

Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

GOODWILL [Abstract]

Goodwill

13. GOODWILL

Changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment are as follows (in thousands):


	Sohu			Changyou			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019
Goodwill		69,379			180,543			249,922
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	37,133		$	10,257		$	47,390

Transactions in 2020
Foreign currency translation adjustment		1,044			0			1,044

Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	38,177		$	10,257		$	48,434

Balance as of December 31, 2020
Goodwill		70,423			180,543			250,966
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	38,177		$	10,257		$	48,434

Transactions in 2021
Foreign currency translation adjustment		377			0			377

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	38,554		$	10,257		$	48,811

Balance as of December 31, 2021
Goodwill		70,800			180,543			251,343
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	38,554		$	10,257		$	48,811

There was one reporting unit under the Sohu segment. After Changyou ceased operation of RaidCall and the cinema advertising business, the reporting units under the Changyou segment consisted of the Changyou online game business and the 17173.com Website. The Changyou online game business was the only reporting unit with goodwill under the Changyou segment.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Sohu Group tested goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Group performed impairment tests using the qualitative and quantitative methods.

For the Sohu segment, management determined that a quantitative assessment was most appropriate. Impairment tests were conducted by quantitatively comparing the fair values of the reporting units to their carrying amounts. The Sohu segment estimated the fair values using the income approach and market approach. The valuation approach considers a number of factors that include expected future cash flows, revenue growth rates, discount rates, and requires Sohu to make certain assumptions and estimates regarding future profitability of the business. The market approach considers earnings multipliers based on market data of comparable companies engaged in similar business. The fair value determined using the income approach is compared with comparable market data and reconciled, as necessary. For the Changyou segment, management performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit was less than its carrying amount.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, for the Sohu segment and Changyou segment, management concluded that the fair values of the reporting units exceeded their carrying values, indicating that the goodwill of the reporting units was not impaired.

Intangible Assets, Net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET [Abstract]

Intangible Assets, Net

14. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET


	As of December 31, 2020
Items	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Accumulated Impairment			Net Carrying Amount




Purchased video content	$	212,999	$	(161,160	)	$	(50,088	)	$	1,751
Operating rights for licensed games		51,856		(35,017	)		(14,026	)		2,813
Domain names and trademarks		27,536		(10,243	)		(17,219	)		74
Computer software		11,749		(11,545	)		0			204
Developed technologies		8,699		(918	)		(7,781	)		0
Others		2,928		(966	)		(1,962	)		0

Total	$	315,767	$	(219,849	)	$	(91,076	)	$	4,842

	As of December 31, 2021
Items	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Accumulated Impairment			Net Carrying Amount




Purchased video content	$	138,902	$	(99,961	)	$	(37,343	)	$	1,598
Operating rights for licensed games		60,454		(39,431	)		(13,895	)		7,128
Domain names and trademarks		26,766		(10,240	)		(16,506	)		20
Computer software		12,474		(12,084	)		0			390
Developed technologies		8,879		(936	)		(7,943	)		0
Others		2,996		(988	)		(2,008	)		0

Total	$	250,471	$	(163,640	)	$	(77,695	)	$	9,136

Impairment Losses

In 2021, Sohu recognized a $14,000 impairment loss related to Sohu Video’s purchased video content pursuant to the Sohu Group’s policy on impairment of overseas content. Changyou recognized a $1.7 million impairment loss related to content and game licenses, of which $0.1 million was recognized as impairment of intangible assets and $1.6 million was recognized as impairment of prepaid and other current assets.

In 2020

Sohu recognized a $

1.5

million impairment loss related to Sohu Video’s purchased video content pursuant to the Sohu Group’s policy on impairment of overseas content. Changyou recognized a $

2.7

million impairment loss related to content and game licenses, of which $

0.8

million was recognized as impairment of intangible assets and $

1.9

million was recognized as impairment of prepaid and other current assets.

In 2019, Sohu recognized a $7.2 million impairment loss for a domain name related to the 56.com Website, mainly due to enhanced restrictions that Chinese regulatory authorities imposed on the broadcasting industry, which had an adverse effect on the operation of the 56.com Website. Also in 2019, Sohu recognized a $4.0 million impairment loss related to Sohu Video’s purchased video content pursuant to the Sohu Group’s policy on impairment of overseas content.

Amortization

In 2021, 2020 and 2019, amortization of intangible assets was $12.5 million, $14.4 million and $38.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, amortization expenses for future periods are estimated to be as follows:


For the year ended December 31,	(in thousands)

2022		4,357
2023		3,761
2024		1,018
2025		0
2026		0
Thereafter		0

Total expected amortization expense	$	9,136

Taxation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Taxation

15. TAXATION

Income Tax

PRC Corporate Income Tax

The majority of the subsidiaries and VIEs of the Sohu Group are based in mainland China and are subject to income taxes in the PRC. These China-based subsidiaries and VIEs conduct substantially all of the Sohu Group’s operations, and generate most of the Sohu Group’s income or losses. The CIT Law applies an income tax rate of 25% to all enterprises but grants preferential tax treatment to HNTEs, Software Enterprises, and KNSEs.

Principal Entities Qualifi

d as HNTEs

Under preferential tax treatment, HNTEs can enjoy an income tax rate of 15%, but need to

re-apply

every three years. During this three-year period, an HNTE must conduct a qualification self-review each year to ensure it meets the HNTE criteria and is eligible for the 15% preferential tax rate for that year. If an HNTE fails to meet the criteria for qualification as an HNTE in any year, the enterprise cannot enjoy the 15% preferential tax rate in that year, and must instead use the regular 25% CIT rate.

As of December 31, 2021, the following principal entities of the Sohu Group were qualified as HNTEs and were entitled to an income tax rate of 15%.

For Sohu

•

Video Tianjin and Sohu Internet. Video Tianjin and Sohu Internet

re-applied

for HNTE qualification and received approval in October 2021 and December 2021, respectively. Video Tianjin and Sohu Internet are entitled to continue to enjoy the beneficial tax rate qualified as HNTEs for the years 2021 through 2023, and will need to

re-apply

for HNTE qualification in 2024.

•

Sohu Media and Guangzhou Qianjun. Sohu Media and Guangzhou Qianjun qualified as HNTEs for the years 2020 through 2022, and will need to

re-apply

for HNTE qualification in 2023.

•

Sohu New Momentum. Sohu New Momentum qualified as an HNTE for the years 2019 through 2021, and will need to

re-apply

for HNTE qualification in 2022.

For Changyou

•

Gamease and AmazGame. Gamease and AmazGame qualified as HNTEs for the years 2020 through 2022, and will need to

re-apply

for HNTE qualification in 2023.

•

Gamespace and Changyou Chuangxiang. Gamespace and Changyou Chuangxiang qualified as HNTEs for the years 2019 through 2021, and will need to

re-apply

for HNTE qualification in 2022.

F-48

Principal Entities Qualified as Software Enterprises

The CIT Law and its implementing regulations provide that a Software Enterprise is entitled to an income tax exemption for

two years

beginning with its first profitable year and a

% reduction to a rate of

12.5

% for the subsequent

three years

. Enterprises wishing to enjoy the status of a Software Enterprise must perform a self-assessment each year to ensure they meet the criteria for qualification and file required supporting documents with

the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the PRC and the relevant tax authorities before using the preferential CIT rates. These enterprises will be subject to the relevant governmental authorities’ assessment each year as to whether they are entitled to use the relevant preferential CIT treatments. If at any time during the preferential tax treatment years an enterprise uses the preferential CIT rates but the relevant authorities determine that it fails to meet applicable criteria for qualification, the relevant authorities may revoke the enterprise’s Software Enterprise status.

For Changyou

•

Changyou Chuangxiang. In 2021, Changyou Chuangxiang completed a self-assessment and filed required supporting documents for Software Enterprise status for 2020. Also in 2021, Changyou Chuangxiang qualified as a Software Enterprise after the relevant government authorities’ assessment and became entitled to a preferential income tax rate of 12.5% for 2020. Changyou Chuangxiang plans to follow the appropriate rules and procedures of the relevant government authorities in order to maintain its Software Enterprise status for 2021, the last year of a five-year period of qualification for Changyou Chuangxiang as a Software Enterprise.

U.S. Corporate Income Tax

Sohu.com Inc., which was formerly the

top-tier

one-time

Toll Charge on a mandatory deemed repatriation of previously deferred foreign earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries; subject to certain limitations, generally eliminating U.S. corporate income tax on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; and providing for new taxes on certain foreign earnings.

Certain activities conducted in the PRC resulted in U.S. corporate income taxes being imposed on Sohu.com Inc. when its subsidiaries that were controlled foreign corporations (“CFCs”) generated income that was subject to Subpart F of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (“Subpart F”). Generally, passive income, such as rents, royalties, interest, dividends, and gains from disposal of the company’s investments, was among the types of income that were subject to taxation under Subpart F. Any income taxable under Subpart F was taxable in the U.S. at the applicable federal corporate income tax rate. Subpart F income also included certain income from intra-Group transactions between Sohu.com Inc.’s non-U.S. subsidiaries and VIEs and Changyou’s non-U.S. subsidiaries and VIEs or Sogou’s non-U.S. subsidiaries and VIEs, or where Sohu.com Inc.’s non-U.S. subsidiaries or VIEs made an “investment in U.S. property,” such as holding the stock in, or making a loan to, a U.S. corporation. Under a provision of the U.S. tax code commonly referred to as the CFC look-through rule, Sohu.com Inc. did not have to treat dividends received by its CFC subsidiaries as Subpart F income includible in Sohu.com Inc.’s taxable income in the U.S.

To the extent that portions of Sohu.com Inc.’s U.S. taxable income, such as Subpart F income or GILTI, as applicable, had been determined to be from sources outside of the U.S., subject to certain limitations, Sohu.com Inc. may have been entitled to claim foreign tax credits to offset its U.S. income tax liabilities. Following the enactment of the U.S. TCJA, if dividends that Sohu.com Inc. received from its subsidiaries after January 1, 2018 were determined to be from sources outside of the U.S., subject to certain limitations, Sohu.com Inc. would generally not have been required to pay U.S. corporate income tax on those dividends. Liabilities for U.S. corporate income tax were accrued in the Company’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income and estimated tax payments were made when required by U.S. law.

Treatment of Toll Charge Related to the U.S. TCJA

non-U.S.

For the fourth quarter of 2018, the Sohu Group’s management

re-evaluated

Cayman Island Tax

Under the current tax laws of the Cayman Islands, the Group is not subject to tax on its income or capital gains. In addition, no

Cayman Islands withholding tax will be imposed upon the payment of dividends by the Group to its shareholders.

Hong Kong Tax

The Group’s subsidiaries incorporated in Hong Kong are subject to profits tax in Hong Kong at the rate of 16.5% for each of the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021

Composition of Income Tax Expense

Sohu.com Inc., which was the former

top-tier

entity of the Sohu Group, was a Delaware corporation that was subject to United States income tax. On May 31, 2018, Sohu.com Inc. was dissolved and liquidated and Sohu.com Limited became the

top-tier

entity of the Sohu Group. Sohu.com Limited is not subject to income or capital gains tax under the current laws of the Cayman Islands. There are no other taxes likely to be material to Sohu.com Limited levied by the government of the Cayman Islands.

The components of income before income

taxes are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Income/(loss) before income tax expense
Income/(loss) from China operations	$	(89,150	)	$	154,514		$	153,708
Income/(loss) from non-China operations		19,079			(57,815	)		(22,141	)

Total income/(loss) before income tax expense from continuing operations	$	(70,071	)	$	96,699		$	131,567

Income tax expense applicable to China operations
Current tax	$	9,026		$	24,255		$	31,089
Deferred tax		11,191			102,652			26,207

Subtotal income tax expense applicable to China operations		20,217			126,907			57,296
Non-China income tax expense		7,887			6,207			4,817
Non-China withholding tax expense		324			112			183

Total income tax expense from continuing operations	$	28,428		$	133,226		$	62,296

In 2021, of the $62.3 million total income tax expense, $57.3 million was from PRC tax, resulting primarily from accrued regular income tax expense of $48.4 million, and $5 million was for U.S. corporate income tax, resulting primarily from accrued interest on an unrecognized tax benefit.

In 2020, of the $133.2 million total income tax expense, $126.9 million was for PRC tax, resulting primarily from accrued regular income tax expense of $40.7 million and additional income withholding tax of $88 million recognized by Changyou due to a revised policy with respect to Changyou’s PRC subsidiaries regarding their distribution of cash dividends, offset by a reversal of PRC income tax expense of $6.9 million by Changyou due to preferential tax rates that Changyou’s subsidiaries were entitled to as KNSEs; and $6 million was for U.S. corporate income tax, resulting primarily from accrued interest on an unrecognized tax benefit.

2019

, of the $

28.4

million total income tax expense, $

20.2

million was for PRC tax, resulting primarily from accrued regular income tax expense of $

32.6

million, offset by a reversal of PRC income tax expense of $

19.5

million by Changyou due to preferential tax rates that Changyou’s subsidiaries were entitled to as KNSE and Software enterprises, and $

million was for U.S. corporate income tax, resulting primarily from accrued interest on an unrecognized tax benefit.

The combined effects of the income tax exemption and reduction

available to the Group are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020		2021

Tax holiday effect	$	7,981	$	16,174	$	1,635
Basic net income per share effect		0.20		0.41		0.04

Effective Tax Rate

The

CIT Law applies an income tax rate of 25% to all enterprises, but grants preferential tax treatment to HNTEs, Software Enterprises, and KNSEs.

The U.S. TCJA significantly modified the U.S. Internal Revenue Code by, among other things, reducing the statutory U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017; limiting and/or eliminating many business deductions; migrating the U.S. to a territorial tax system with a

one-time

The following is reconciliation between the statutory rate and the Group’s effective tax rate. For 2019, 2020 and 2021, the statutory rate represented the PRC statutory rate of 25%. The table does not reflect any accruals related to the Toll Charge. See “

U.S. Corporate Income Tax

” and “

Treatment of Toll Charge Related to the U.S. TCJA.

”


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021


Statutory Rate:		25	%		25	%		25	%
Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs (1)		11	%		(17	%)		(1	%)
Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		7	%		9	%		3	%
Effect of withholding taxes (2)		(12	%)		109	%		19	%
Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets		(71	%)		27	%		31	%
Research and development super-deduction		12	%		(9	%)		(19	%)
Others		(1	%)		(13	%)		(14	%)

	(29		%)	131		%	44		%

Note (1): The reversal of income tax for preferential income tax rates that Changyou’s subsidiaries and VIEs were entitled to as KNSEs or Software Enterprises for 2019, 2020 and 2021 was included in the “Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs” in the above table.

Note (2): The

revised policy was adopted to facilitate the distribution of a special cash dividend in the aggregate amount of approximately $500.0

million that was declared by Changyou’s board of directors (the “Changyou Board”) on April 5, 2018. The change for 2020 was mainly due to additional income withholding tax

of $88 million that was recognized in the second quarter of 2020 due to a revised policy with respect to Changyou’s PRC subsidiaries regarding their distribution of cash dividends.

PRC Withholding Tax on Dividends

non-PRC

Before 2018, in order to fund the distribution of a dividend to shareholders of the Sohu Group’s majority-owned subsidiary Changyou, Changyou’s management determined to cause one of its PRC subsidiaries to declare and distribute a cash dividend of all of its stand-alone 2012 earnings and half of its stand-alone subsequent years’ earnings to its direct overseas parent company, Changyou HK, and adopted as a policy for such subsequent years for its PRC subsidiaries a limit on payment of dividends to their direct overseas parent companies of one-half of such PRC subsidiaries’ earnings. In 2018, in order to facilitate the distribution of a special cash dividend of

$500.0

million declared by the Changyou Board on April 5, 2018, Changyou revised its policy for its PRC subsidiaries with respect to their distribution of cash dividends. Under the revised policy, all of Changyou’s PRC subsidiaries (not including Changyou’s VIEs and their subsidiaries) will be able to distribute their cumulative available and undistributed earnings to their direct overseas parent companies in future periods. The change resulted in Changyou’s accrual of additional withholding income taxes of approximately

$47

million for the period before December 31, 2017, which was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2018. As of December 31, 2019, the Sohu Group had accrued deferred tax liabilities related to Changyou in the amount of

$86.8

million for PRC withholding tax. In 2020, after the completion of Changyou Merger, Changyou’s net income/(loss) is wholly attributable to Sohu. Changyou changed its policy for its PRC subsidiaries with respect to their distribution of cash dividends. The change resulted in Changyou’s accrual of additional withholding income taxes of approximately

$88

million, which was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2020. As of December 31, 2021, the Sohu Group had accrued deferred tax liabilities related to Changyou in the amount of

$237.1 million for PRC withholding tax.

With the exception of that dividend, the Sohu Group does not intend to have any of its PRC subsidiaries or VIEs distribute any undistributed profits of such subsidiaries or VIEs to their direct overseas parent companies, but rather intends that such profits will be permanently reinvested by such subsidiaries and VIEs for their PRC operations. As of December 31, 2021, the total amount of undistributed profits from the PRC subsidiaries and VIEs for which no withholding tax had been accrued was $484.9 million, and the unrecognized tax liabilities were $48.5 million.

PRC Value-Added Tax

On May 1, 2016, the transition from the imposition of PRC business tax to the imposition of VAT was expanded to all industries in China, and as a result all of the Sohu Group’s revenues have been subject to VAT since that date. To record VAT payable, the Group adopted the net presentation method, which presents the difference between the output VAT (at

a rate

of 6%) and the available input VAT amount (at the rate applicable to the supplier).

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of the Group’s deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021

Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss from operations	$	325,797		$	291,380
Accrued bonus and commissions		10,613			9,101
Intangible assets transfer		690			485
Others		8,692			7,489

Total deferred tax assets		345,792			308,455
Less: Valuation allowance		(326,755	)		(289,097	)

Net deferred tax assets	$	19,037		$	19,358

Deferred tax liabilities
Withholding tax for dividend	$	(206,594	)	$	(237,116	)
Others		(10,999	)		(12,049	)

Total deferred tax liabilities	$	(217,593	)	$	(249,165	)

Net deferred tax assets are recorded under other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2021, the Group had net operating losses from PRC entities of approximately $1.85 billion available to offset against future net profit for income tax purposes. The Group anticipates that it is more likely than not that these net operating losses may not be utilized based on its estimate of the operation performance of these PRC entities; therefore, $285.8 million in deferred tax assets generated from net operating losses were offset by a valuation allowance.

The following table sets forth the movement of the valuation

allowances for deferred tax assets for the years presented (in thousands):


	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021



Beginning balance	$	250,524			283,711			326,755
Provision for the year		44,634			36,363			45,787
Reversal for the year		(7,311	)		(12,637	)		(91,019	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(4,136	)		19,318			7,574

Ending balance	$	283,711			326,755			289,097

In 2021, $48.5

million of PRC net operating losses generated from previous years expired. Pursuant to a public announcement issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation in August 2018, net operating losses of entities not qualified as HNTEs will expire between 2022 and 2026 if not utilized and those of entities qualified as HNTEs will expire in 2031.

The reversal of valuation allowance was also due to the impact of changes in income tax rates upon preferential tax rates

being

obtained.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The following table summarizes the Group’s unrecognized tax

benefit from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2019		2020		2021

Beginning balance	$	174,363	$	181,640	$	188,760
Increases/(decreases) related to prior year tax positions		7,277		7,120		5,158
Increases related to current year tax positions		0		0		0

Ending balance	$	181,640	$	188,760	$	193,918

The increases in 2021, 2020 and 2019 were mainly due to interest recognized in connection with an unrecognized tax benefit.

The material jurisdictions in which the Group is subject to potential examination include China and the United States. In general, the PRC tax authorities have up to five years and in certain cases up to 10 years, and the U.S. IRS has up to three years and in certain cases up to six years, to conduct examinations of the tax filings of the Group. All of these related tax years are open for the Sohu Group.

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Commitments and Contingencies

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments

The following table sets forth the Group’s

commitments as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	2022		2023		2024		2025		2026		Thereafter		Total Payments Required


Royalties and expenditures for licensed content of games	$	15,976		13,512		2,746		0		0		0		32,234
Purchase of bandwidth		14,418		1,029		455		0		0		0		15,902
Purchase of content and services - others		7,530		389		43		0		0		0		7,962
Purchase of content and services - video		6,387		0		0		0		0		0		6,387
Operating lease obligations		3,355		660		103		37		0		0		4,155
Others		3,796		0		0		0		0		0		3,796

Total Payments Required	$	51,462		15,590		3,347		37		0		0		70,436

Litigation

The Sohu Group is a party to various litigation matters which it considers routine and incidental to its business. The Sohu Group records a liability when the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The Sohu Group evaluates, on a regular basis, developments in litigation matters that could affect the amount of liability that has been previously accrued and makes adjustments as appropriate. Management believes that the total liabilities to the Sohu Group that may arise as a result of currently pending legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Group’s business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. As of December 31, 2021, Sohu and Changyou had no significant litigation contingencies.

PRC Law and Regulations

The Chinese market in which the Sohu Group operates poses certain macro-economic and regulatory risks and uncertainties. These uncertainties extend to the ability to operate an Internet business and to conduct brand advertising, search and search-related advertising, online game, and other services in the PRC. Though the PRC has, since 1978, implemented a wide range of market-oriented economic reforms, continued reforms and progress towards a full market-oriented economy are uncertain. In addition, the telecommunication, information, and media industries remain highly regulated. Restrictions are currently in place and are unclear with respect to which segments of these industries foreign-owned entities, like the Sohu Group, may operate. The Chinese government may issue from time to time new laws or new interpretations of existing laws to regulate areas such as telecommunication, information and media. The Sohu Group’s legal structure and scope of operations in China could be subject to restrictions, which could result in limits on its ability to conduct business in the PRC. Certain risks related to PRC law that could affect the Sohu Group’s VIE structure are discussed in Note 17 - VIEs.

Regulatory risks also encompass interpretation by PRC tax authorities of current tax law, including the applicability of certain preferential tax treatments.

The Sohu Group’s sales, purchase and expense transactions are generally denominated in RMB and a significant portion of its assets and liabilities are denominated in RMB. The RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. In China, foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by authorized financial institutions. Remittances in currencies other than RMB by its subsidiaries in China may require certain supporting documentation in order to effect the remittance.

VIEs

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

VIES [Abstract]

VIEs

17. VIEs

Background

PRC laws and regulations prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that operate value-added telecommunication services, Internet publishing, online news information services, online audiovisual transmission, online games, and certain other business activities in the PRC in which the Sohu Group is engaged or could be deemed to be engaged. Consequently, the Sohu Group conducts certain of its operations and businesses in the PRC through VIEs. The Sohu Group consolidates in its consolidated financial statements all of the VIEs of which the Group is the primary beneficiary for accounting purposes.

VIEs Consolidated within the Sohu Group

The Sohu Group adopted the guidance of accounting for VIEs, which requires VIEs to be consolidated by the primary beneficiary of the entity. Management made evaluations of the relationships between the Sohu Group and the VIEs through which it conducts a significant portion of its operations and the economic benefit flow of contractual arrangements with the VIEs. In connection with such evaluations, management also took into account the fact that, as a result of contractual arrangements with the VIEs that the Sohu Group consolidates, it controls the shareholders’ voting interests in those VIEs. As a result of such evaluations, the management concluded that the Sohu Group is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs that the Group consolidates.

All of the consolidated VIEs are incorporated and operated in the PRC, and the principal VIEs are directly or indirectly owned by Dr. Charles Zhang, the Sohu Group’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, or other executive officers and employees of the Sohu Group identified below. Capital for the consolidated VIEs was funded by the Sohu Group through loans provided to Dr. Charles Zhang and other executive officers and employees, and was initially recorded as loans to related parties. These loans are eliminated for accounting purposes against the capital of the VIEs upon consolidation.

Under contractual agreements with the Sohu Group, Dr. Charles Zhang and those other executive officers and employees of the Sohu Group who are shareholders of the consolidated VIEs are required to transfer their ownership in these entities to the Group, if permitted by PRC laws and regulations, or, if not so permitted, to designees of the Group at any time as requested by the Group to repay the loans outstanding. All voting rights of the consolidated VIEs are assigned to the Sohu Group, and the Group has the right to designate all directors and senior management personnel of the consolidated VIEs, and also has the obligation to absorb losses of the consolidated VIEs. Dr. Charles Zhang and those other executive officers and employees of the Sohu Group who are shareholders of the consolidated VIEs have pledged their shares in the consolidated VIEs as collateral for the loans. As of December 31, 2021, the aggregate amount of these loans was $7.6 million.

Under its contractual arrangements with the consolidated VIEs, the Sohu Group has the power to direct activities of the VIEs, and can have assets transferred freely out of the VIEs without any restrictions. Therefore, the Group considers that there is no asset of a consolidated VIE that can be used only to settle obligations of the VIEs, except for registered capital and PRC statutory reserves of the VIEs. As of December 31, 2021, the registered capital and PRC statutory reserves of the consolidated VIEs totaled $45.1 million. As all of the consolidated VIEs are incorporated as limited liability companies under the PRC Company Law, creditors of the consolidated VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the Sohu Group for any of the liabilities of the consolidated VIEs. Currently there is no contractual arrangement that could require the Sohu Group to provide additional financial support to the consolidated VIEs. As the Sohu Group is conducting certain business in the PRC mainly through the consolidated VIEs, the Group may provide such support on a discretionary basis in the future, which could expose the Group to a loss.

The Sohu Group classified the consolidated VIEs within the Sohu Group as principal VIEs or immaterial VIEs based on certain criteria, such as the VIEs’ total assets or revenues. The following is a summary of the principal VIEs within the Sohu Group:

Basic Information for Principal VIEs and Subsidiaries of Principal VIEs

For Sohu

•

High Century

High Century was incorporated in 2001. As of December 31, 2021, Dr. Charles Zhang and Wei Li held 80% and 20% interests, respectively, in this entity.

•

Heng Da Yi Tong

Heng Da Yi Tong was incorporated in 2002. As of December 31, 2021, Dr. Charles Zhang and Wei Li held 80% and 20% interests, respectively, in this entity.

•

Sohu Internet

Sohu Internet was incorporated in 2003. As of December 31, 2021, High Century held a 100% interest in this entity.

•

Donglin

Donglin was incorporated in 2010. As of December 31, 2021, Sohu Internet held a 100% interest in this entity.

•

Tianjin Jinhu

Tianjin Jinhu was incorporated in 2011. As of December 31, 2021, Xiufeng Deng and Xuemei Zhang each held a 50% interest in this entity.

•

Focus Interactive

Focus Interactive was incorporated in July 2014. As of December 31, 2021, Heng Da Yi Tong held 100% of the equity interests in this entity

•

Guangzhou Qianjun

Guangzhou Qianjun was acquired in November 2014. As of December 31, 2021, Tianjin Jinhu held a 100% interest in this entity.

For Changyou

•

Gamease

Gamease was incorporated in 2007. As of December 31, 2021, High Century held a 100% interest in this entity.

•

Shanghai ICE

Shanghai ICE was acquired by Changyou in 2010. As of December 31, 2021, Gamease held a 100% interest in this entity.

•

Guanyou Gamespace

Guanyou Gamespace was incorporated in 2010. As of December 31, 2021, Beijing Changyou Star Digital Technology Co., Ltd (“Changyou Star”) held a 100% interest in this entity.

Financial Information

The following financial information of the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs (including subsidiaries of these VIEs) is included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	47,028	$	32,513
Restricted cash		1,211		0
Short-term investments		153		0
Accounts receivable, net		47,234		36,027
Prepaid and other current assets		15,385		18,836
Intra-Group receivables due from the Company’s subsidiaries		506,659		647,330
Assets held for sale (current)		113,011		0

Total current assets		730,681		734,706

Fixed assets, net		295		427
Other non-current assets		69,284		86,744

Total assets	$	800,260	$	821,877

LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	11,145	$	12,325
Accrued liabilities		46,888		43,695
Receipts in advance and deferred revenue		43,076		45,844
Other current liabilities		37,148		24,026
Intra-Group payables due to the Company’s subsidiaries		350,599		462,487
Liabilities held for sale (current)		187,712		0

Total current liabilities		676,568		588,377

Long-term tax liabilities		14,134		14,465
Deferred tax liabilities		2,014		3,323
Other non-current liabilities		1,819		1,750

Total liabilities	$	694,535	$	607,915


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Revenues:
Third-party revenues	$	482,283		$	552,980		$	664,823
Intra-Group revenues		29,674			30,207			21,488

Total revenues		511,957			583,187			686,311
Cost of revenues:
Third-party cost of revenues		101,044			93,333			81,725
Intra-Group cost of revenues		139,765			141,717			136,221

Total cost of revenues		240,809			235,050			217,946
Operating expenses:
Third-party operating expenses		69,131			50,983			72,126
Intra-Group operating expenses		184,799			254,796			366,762

Total operating expenses		253,930			305,779			438,888
Net income from continuing operations		19,607			41,756			35,805
Net loss from discontinued operations		(1,491	)		(82,329	)		(47,924	)


	Year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net cash provided by transactions with external parties	$	334,903		$	459,263		$	541,172
Net cash used in transactions with intra-Group entities		(310,243	)		(379,649	)		(505,553	)

Net cash provided by continuing operating activities		24,660			79,614			35,619
Net cash used in discontinued operating activities		(5,046	)		(13,244	)		(1,789	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		19,614			66,370			33,830

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net cash used in transactions with external parties		(13,272	)		(773	)		(23,887	)
Net cash used in transactions with intra-Group entities		(40,426	)		(106,321	)		(140,671	)
Net cash used in continuing investing activities		(53,698	)		(107,094	)		(164,558	)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities		(18,040	)		7,797			12,116

Net cash used in investing activities		(71,738	)		(99,297	)		(152,442	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net cash provided by transactions with intra-Group entities		26,559			32,751			111,888

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities		26,559			32,751			111,888
Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued financing activities		8,601			152			(9,131	)

Net cash provided by financing activities		35,160			32,903			102,757

Amounts previously reported for 2020 and 2019 have been revised, which revisions, in the opinion of management, are immaterial. The impact of the revisions was eliminated in consolidation. There is no impact on the previously reported consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The intra-Group payables of the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs for the year ended December 31, 2020 have been revised to reflect an adjustment with an increase of $17.8 million in current payables and a decrease of $17.8 million in non-current payables.

The amounts of cash flow activities of the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs for the year ended December 31, 2020 have been revised to reflect an adjustment with an increase of $74.4 million in the cash provided by operating activities, an increase of $107.1 million in the cash used in investing activities, and an increase of $32.8 million in the cash provided by financing activities. The amounts of cash flow activities of the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs for the year ended December 31, 2019 have been revised to reflect an adjustment with an increase of $26.7 million in the cash provided by operating activities, an increase of $53.3 million in the cash used in investing activities, and an increase of $26.6 million in the cash provided by financing activities.

Summary of Significant Agreements Currently in Effect

Agreements between Subsidiaries, Consolidated VIEs and Nominee Shareholders

Loan and share pledge agreement

between Sohu Media and the shareholders of High Century: The agreement provides for loans to the shareholders of High Century for them to make contributions to the registered capital of High Century in exchange for the equity interests in High Century, and the shareholders pledge those equity interests to Sohu Media as security for the loans. The agreement includes powers of attorney that give Sohu Media the power to appoint nominees to act on behalf of the shareholders of High Century in connection with all actions to be taken by High Century. Pursuant to the agreement, the shareholders executed in blank transfers of their equity interests in High Century, which are held by the Sohu Group’s legal department and may be completed and effected at Sohu Media’s election.

Loan and share pledge agreement

between Focus HK and the shareholders of Heng Da Yi Tong: The agreement provides for loans to the shareholders of Heng Da Yi Tong for them to make contributions to the registered capital of Heng Da Yi Tong in exchange for the equity interests in Heng Da Yi Tong, and the shareholders pledge those equity interests to Focus HK as security for the loans. The agreement includes powers of attorney that give Focus HK the power to appoint nominees to act on behalf of the shareholders of Heng Da Yi Tong in connection with all actions to be taken by Heng Da Yi Tong. Pursuant to the agreement, the shareholders executed in blank transfers of their equity interests in Heng Da Yi Tong, which are held by the Sohu Group’s legal department and may be completed and effected at Focus HK’s election.

Loan agreements and equity pledge agreements

between Video Tianjin and the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu. The loan agreements provide for loans to the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu for them to make contributions to the registered capital of Tianjin Jinhu in exchange for the equity interests in Tianjin Jinhu. Under the equity pledge agreements, the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu pledge to Video Tianjin their equity interests in Tianjin Jinhu to secure the performance of their obligations under the loan agreements and Tianjin Jinhu’s obligations to Video Tianjin under their business agreements. The loans are interest free and are repayable on demand, but the shareholders can only repay the loans by transferring to Video Tianjin their equity interests in Tianjin Jinhu.

Exclusive equity interest purchase right agreements

between Video Tianjin, Tianjin Jinhu and the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu. Pursuant to these agreements, Video Tianjin and any third party designated by it have the right, exercisable at any time when it becomes legal to do so under PRC law, to purchase from the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu all or any part of their equity interests at the lowest purchase price permissible under PRC law.

Business operation agreement

among Video Tianjin, Tianjin Jinhu and the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu. The agreement sets forth the right of Video Tianjin to control the actions of the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu. The agreement has a term of 10 years, renewable at the request of Video Tianjin.

Powers of Attorney

executed by the shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu in favor of Video Tianjin with a term of 10 years, extendable at the request of Video Tianjin. These powers of attorney give Video Tianjin the right to appoint nominees to act on behalf of each of the Tianjin Jinhu shareholders in connection with all actions to be taken by Tianjin Jinhu.

Loan agreements and equity pledge agreements

between AmazGame and the sole shareholder of Gamease and between Gamespace and the sole shareholder of Guanyou Gamespace. The loan agreements provide for loans to the respective shareholders of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace for the shareholders to make contributions to the registered capital of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace in exchange for 100% of the equity interests in Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace. The loans are interest free and are repayable on demand, but the shareholders can only repay the loans by transferring to AmazGame and Gamespace, as the case may be, their equity interests in Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace. Under the equity pledge agreements, the respective shareholders of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace pledge to AmazGame and Gamespace, their equity interests in Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace to secure the performance of their obligations under the loan agreements and Gamease’s and Guanyou Gamespace’s obligations to AmazGame and Gamespace under the various

VIE-related

agreements. If the shareholders breach their obligations under any

VIE-related

agreements (Gamease’s or Guanyou Gamespace’s breach of any of its obligations under the various applicable

VIE-related

agreements will be treated as its shareholder’s breach of its obligations), including the equity pledge agreements, AmazGame and Gamespace are entitled to exercise their rights as the beneficiaries under the applicable equity pledge agreements, including all rights the respective shareholders have as shareholders of Gamease or Guanyou Gamespace.

Equity interest purchase right agreements

among AmazGame, Gamease and the sole shareholder of Gamease and among Gamespace, Guanyou Gamespace and the sole shareholder of Guanyou Gamespace. Pursuant to these agreements, AmazGame and Gamespace have the right, exercisable at any time if and when it is legal to do so under PRC law, to purchase from the respective shareholders of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace all or any part of their equity interests in Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace at a purchase price equal to their initial contributions to the registered capital of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace.

Powers of attorney

executed by the sole shareholder of Gamease in favor of AmazGame and by the sole shareholder of Guanyou Gamespace in favor of Gamespace, with a term of 10 years. These powers of attorney give the respective boards of directors of AmazGame and Gamespace the right to appoint nominees to act on behalf of their respective shareholders in connection with all actions to be taken by Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace.

Business operation agreements

among AmazGame, Gamease and the sole shareholder of Gamease and among Gamespace, Guanyou Gamespace and the sole shareholder of Guanyou Gamespace. These agreements set forth the right of AmazGame and Gamespace to control the actions of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace, as the case may be, and the respective shareholders of Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace. Each agreement has a term of 10 years.

Business Arrangements between Subsidiaries and Consolidated VIEs

A significant portion of the Sohu Group’s operations are conducted through the VIEs that the Sohu Group consolidates, which generate a significant amount of the Sohu Group’s revenues. In order for the Sohu Group to be able to receive such revenues, and, if applicable, other assets, from the VIEs, it relies on payments made by the VIEs to the Sohu Group’s PRC subsidiaries pursuant to a series of service contracts between them in order for the VIEs to transfer such revenues or other assets to the Sohu Group. The following is a summary of the material service contracts currently in effect between the Sohu Group’s PRC subsidiaries and certain of the VIEs that the Sohu Group consolidates:

Exclusive technology consulting and service agreement

between Sohu Era and Sohu Internet. Pursuant to this agreement Sohu Era has the right to provide technical consultation and other related services to Sohu Internet in exchange for a percentage of the gross revenue of Sohu Internet. The agreement has an initial term of two years, and is renewable at the request of Sohu Era.

Exclusive technology consulting and service agreement

between Video Tianjin and Tianjin Jinhu. Pursuant to this agreement Video Tianjin has the right to provide technical consultation and other related services to Tianjin Jinhu in exchange for a fee. The agreement has a term of 10 years and is renewable at the request of Video Tianjin.

Technology service agreement

between Donglin and Sohu Media. Pursuant to this agreement Sohu Media has the right to provide technology services and other related services to Donglin in exchange for a percentage of the gross revenue of Donglin. The agreement has a term of three years

and is renewable at the request of Sohu Media.

Technology support and utilization agreements

between AmazGame and Gamease, between Gamespace and Guanyou Gamespace, and between Changyou Chuangxiang and Gamease. Pursuant to these agreements, AmazGame, Gamespace and Changyou Chuangxiang have the right to provide certain product development and application services and technology support to Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace, respectively, for a fee equal to a predetermined percentage, subject to adjustment by AmazGame, Gamespace or Changyou Chuangxiang at any time, of Gamease’s and Guanyou Gamespace’s respective revenues. Each agreement terminates only when AmazGame, Gamespace or Changyou Chuangxiang is dissolved.

Services and maintenance agreements

between AmazGame and Gamease, between Gamespace and Guanyou Gamespace, and between Changyou Chuangxiang and Gamease. Pursuant to these agreements, AmazGame, Gamespace and Changyou Chuangxiang, respectively, provide marketing, staffing, business operation and maintenance services to Gamease and Guanyou Gamespace, respectively, in exchange for a fee equal to the cost of providing such services plus a predetermined margin. Each agreement terminates only when AmazGame, Gamespace or Changyou Chuangxiang, as the case may be, is dissolved.

Certain of the contractual arrangements described above between the VIEs and the related wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Sohu Group are silent regarding renewals. However, because the VIEs are controlled by the Sohu Group through powers of attorney granted to the Sohu Group by the shareholders of the VIEs, the contractual arrangements can be, and are expected to be, renewed at the subsidiaries’ election.

VIE-Related

Risks

It is possible that the Sohu Group’s operation of certain of its operations and businesses through VIEs could be found by PRC authorities to be in violation of PRC law and regulations prohibiting or restricting foreign ownership of companies that engage in such operations and businesses. If a finding were made by PRC authorities that the Sohu Group’s operation of certain of its operations and businesses through VIEs is prohibited, regulatory authorities with jurisdiction over the licensing and operation of such operations and businesses would have broad discretion in dealing with such a violation, including levying fines, confiscating the Sohu Group’s income, revoking the business or operating licenses of the affected businesses, requiring the Sohu Group to restructure its ownership structure or operations, or requiring the Sohu Group to discontinue all or any portion of its operations. Any of these actions could cause significant disruption to the Sohu Group’s business operations, and have a severe adverse impact on the Sohu Group’s cash flows, financial position, and operating performance.

In addition, it is possible that the contracts among the Sohu Group, the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs and the shareholders of such VIEs would not be enforceable in China if PRC government authorities or courts were to find that such contracts contravene PRC law and regulations or are otherwise not enforceable for public policy reasons. As of the date of this report, the validity and enforceability of the contracts among the Sogou Group, the Sohu Group’s consolidated VIEs and the shareholders of such VIEs, and, to the knowledge of the Company, of any similar contracts entered into by other

PRC-based

companies, have never been considered or determined by a PRC court. In the event that the Sohu Group was unable to enforce these contractual arrangements, the Sohu Group would not be able to exert effective control over the affected VIEs. Consequently, such VIEs’ results of operations, assets and liabilities would not be included in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements. If such were the case, the Sohu Group’s cash flows, financial position and operating performance would be severely adversely affected. The Sohu Group’s contractual arrangements with respect to its consolidated VIEs are in place.

The

Sohu Group’s operations and businesses rely on the operations and businesses of its VIEs, which hold certain recognized and unrecognized revenue-producing assets. The recognized revenue-producing assets include goodwill and intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions. Goodwill primarily represents the expected synergies from combining an acquired business with the Sohu Group. Intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions mainly consist of customer relationships,

non-compete

agreements, user bases, copyrights, trademarks and developed technologies. Unrecognized revenue-producing assets mainly consist of licenses and intellectual property. Licenses include operations licenses, such as Internet information service licenses and licenses for providing content. Intellectual property developed by the Sohu Group mainly consists of patents, copyrights, trademarks, and domain names. The Sohu Group’s operations and businesses may be adversely impacted if the Sohu Group loses the ability to use and

benefit from

assets held by these VIEs.

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SOHU.COM LIMITED SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY [Abstract]

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity

18. SOHU.COM LIMITED SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Summary of the Company’s outstanding shares (in thousands):


	Number of Outstanding Shares As of December 31,
	2019		2020		2021
Balance, beginning of year		39,229		39,269		39,306
Issuances:		40		37		44
Repurchases:		0		0		(1,129	)

Balance, end of year		39,269		39,306		38,221

Treasury Stock

On November 13, 2021, the Sohu Board authorized a share repurchase program of up to $100 million of outstanding Sohu ADSs over a twelve-month period from November 13, 2021 to November 12, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, Sohu had repurchased 1,129,228 ADSs under the share repurchase program at an aggregate cost of approximately $18.7 million.

Share Incentive Plans

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou, and Sohu Video have incentive plans for the granting of share-based awards, including options and restricted share units, to their directors, management and other key employees.

1) Sohu.com Limited Share-based Awards

Sohu’s 2018 Share Incentive Plan

July 2, 2010, Sohu.com Inc.’s

shareholders

adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of up to

1,500,000

shares of Sohu.com Inc.’s common stock, including stock issued pursuant to the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units and pursuant to the exercise of stock options. The maximum term of any share-based award granted under the Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan is

10 years

from the grant date.

April 2, 2018, Sohu.com Limited adopted the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of up 1,148,565 ordinary shares of Sohu.com Limited. The Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan will expire in April 2028.

Upon the dissolution of Sohu.com Inc. on May 31, 2018, Sohu.com Limited assumed all then existing obligations of Sohu.com Inc. with respect to equity incentive awards that had been granted under the Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan and then remained outstanding, and such awards were converted into the right to receive upon exercise or settlement Sohu.com Limited’s ordinary shares under the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan rather than shares of the common stock of Sohu.com Inc., subject to the other terms of such outstanding awards.

As of December 31, 2021, 214,405 shares were available for grant under the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan.

i) Summary of Share Option Activity

In February 2015, May 2016, September 2017 and November 2017,

the Sohu Board approved

contractual grants to members of the Company’s management and key employees of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 1,068,000, 13,000, 32,000 and 6,000 shares of common stock of Sohu.com Inc., respectively, under the Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, with nominal exercise prices of $0.001, all of which were converted, on May 31, 2018, into the right to receive upon exercise Sohu.com Limited’s ordinary shares under the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan.

In February 2019, July 2019, September 2020 and September 2021

, the Sohu Board approved

contractual grants to members of the Company’s management and key employees of options for the purchase of an aggregate of

20,000

477,500

34,000

and 5,000

ordinary shares of Sohu.com Limited, respectively, under the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan, with nominal exercise prices of

0.001

. These share options vest and become exercisable in

four equal installments

over a period of

four years

, with each installment vesting upon the satisfaction of a service period requirement and certain subjective performance targets. These share options are substantially similar to restricted share units except for the nominal exercise price, which would be zero for restricted share units.

Under

ASC

718-10-25

and

ASC

718-10-55

, no grant date can be established for these options until a mutual understanding is reached between the Company and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. If the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense should be accrued beginning on the service inception date, and

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date is established, based on the then-current fair value of the awards. To determine the fair value of these options, the public market price of the underlying shares at each reporting date is used and a binomial valuation model is applied.

As of December 31, 2021, 927,788 of these options had been granted and had become vested on their respective vesting dates, as a mutual understanding of the subjective performance targets was reached between the Company and the recipients, the targets had been satisfied, and the service period requirements had been fulfilled. The cumulative share-based compensation expense for these granted options has been adjusted and fixed based on their aggregate fair values, at their respective grant dates, of $28.5 million.

A summary of option activity under the Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan as of and for the year ended December 31, 2021 is presented below:


						Weighted
	Number			Weighted		Average		Aggregate
	Of			Average		Remaining		Intrinsic
	Shares			Exercise		Contractual		Value (1)
Options	(in thousands)			Price		Life (Years)		(in thousands)

Outstanding as of January 1, 2021		197		$	0.001			$
Granted		113			0.001
Exercised		(39	)		0.001
Forfeited or expired		0

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Vested as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Exercisable as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Note (1): The aggregated intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the difference between Sohu’s closing ADS price of $16.28 on December 31, 2021 and the nominal exercise price of the options.

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, total share-based compensation expense recognized for these options was $1.8 million, $2.6 million and negative $1.9 million, respectively. The negative amounts resulted from

re-measured

compensation expense based on the then-current fair value of the awards on the reporting date. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total fair values of these Sohu options vested on their respective vesting dates were $2.1 million, $1.0 million and $2.5 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total intrinsic value of options exercised was $0.8 million, $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively.

2) Changyou.com Limited Share-based Awards

Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan

On June 27, 2014, Changyou reserved 2,000,000 of its Class A ordinary shares under the Changyou.com Limited 2014 Share Incentive Plan (the “Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan”) for the purpose of making share incentive awards to certain members of its management and key employees. On November 2, 2014,

the Changyou

Board approved an increase in the number of Class A ordinary shares reserved under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan from 2,000,000 to 6,000,000. The maximum term of any share right granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan is 10 years from the grant date. The Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan will terminate in June 2024. As of December 31, 202

, all shares available for grant under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan had been granted.

i) Summary of Share Option Activity

On November 2, 2014, the Changyou Board approved the contractual grant of an aggregate of

2,416,000

Class A restricted share units to certain members of its management and certain other employees. On February 16, 2015, the Changyou Board approved the conversion of

2,400,000 of these Class A restricted share units into options for the purchase of Class A ordinary shares at an exercise price of $0.01. On June 1, 2015,

the Changyou Board

approved

the contractual grant of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 1,998,000 Class A ordinary shares to certain members of its management and certain other employees at an exercise price of $0.01. On July 28, 2016,

the Changyou Board approved

the contractual grant of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 100,000 Class A ordinary shares to certain member of its management at an exercise price of $0.01. On August 26, 2019,

the Changyou Board approved

the grant, effective as of October 1, 2019, to a member of Changyou’s management and a Changyou employee of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 3,023,000 Class A ordinary shares at an exercise price of $0.01 per Class A ordinary share. These Changyou share options vest in four equal installments over a period of four years, with each installment vesting upon satisfaction of a service period requirement and the achievement of certain subjective performance targets. These Changyou share options are substantially similar to restricted share units except for the nominal exercise price, which would be zero for restricted share units. After the completion of the Changyou Merger, the Sohu Board approved the Changyou Plans’ Modification, pursuant to which, among other things, a portion of the share options previously granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger were settled by Changyou at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $5.40 per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

exercise price of $0.01 of such options. None of the remaining share options granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger or that become vested in the future will be exercisable, but can only be repurchased by Changyou at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share underlying such vested share options upon termination of the option holders’ employment or upon approval of the Chairman of the Sohu Board. As a result of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, share-based compensation expense will be accrued over the service period based on the fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share. No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Under

ASC

718-10-25

and

ASC

718-10-55

, no grant date can be established until a mutual understanding is reached between the Company and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. If the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense should be accrued beginning on the service inception date, and

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date is established, based on the then-current fair value of the awards.

Prior to the completion of Changyou Merger, to determine the fair value of these Changyou share options, the public market price of the underlying Changyou Class A ordinary shares at each reporting date was used and a binomial valuation model was applied.

As of December 31, 2021, 4,488,500 of these Changyou share options had been granted and had become vested on their respective vesting dates, as a mutual understanding of the subjective performance targets had been reached between Changyou and the recipients, the targets had been satisfied, and the service period requirements had been fulfilled. The cumulative share-based compensation expense of $4.1 million for these granted share options was adjusted and fixed based on the aggregate amounts of the fair values of these granted share options at their respective grant dates for periods before the Changyou Plans’ Modification, and at a price of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share for periods after the Changyou Plans’ Modification.

For

the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, total share-based compensation expense recognized for share options under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan was $3.9 million, $7.7 million and negative $1.9 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total fair values of these Changyou share options vested on their respective vesting dates were $4.1 million, $4.2 million and $1.0

million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total intrinsic value of share options exercised was nil, $0.1 million

and

$6.6 million,

respectively.

Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan

On August 3, 2019, Changyou adopted and reserved for issuance 3,000,000 Class A ordinary shares

of Changyou

under a new share incentive plan (the “Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan”). On August 26, 2019,

the Changyou Board approved

the grant, effective as of October 1, 2019, to certain members of Changyou’s management and certain other employees of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 1,909,000 Class A ordinary shares at an exercise price of $0.01.

On February 2, 2021,

the Changyou Board approved

the grant, effective

for vesting commencement purposes

as of February

, 2021, to certain members of

Changyou’s management and certain other

employees of options for the purchase of an aggregate of 600,000 Class A ordinary shares at an exercise price of $0.01.

These Changyou share options vest in four equal installments over a period of four years, with each installment vesting upon satisfaction of a service period requirement and the achievement of certain subjective performance targets. After the completion of the Changyou Merger, the Sohu Board approved the Changyou Plans’ Modification, pursuant to which, among other things, none of the share options granted under the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan will be exercisable, but can only be repurchased by Changyou following vesting at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share underlying such vested share options upon termination of the option holders’ employment or upon approval of the Chairman of the Sohu Board. As a result of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, share-based compensation expense will be accrued over the service period based on

fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share. No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made, given that the

awards are obligations

based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Under

ASC

718-10-25

and

ASC

718-10-55

re-measured

on each subsequent reporting date before the grant date is established, based on the then-current fair value of the awards.

Prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger, to determine the fair value of Changyou share options, the public market price of the underlying Changyou Class A ordinary shares at each reporting date was used and a binomial valuation model was applied.

As of December 31, 2021, 954,500 of the share options granted under the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan had vested. The cumulative share-based compensation expense of $2.6 million for the granted share options was adjusted and fixed based on a price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share after the Changyou Plans’ Modification. For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, total share-based compensation expense recognized for these share options under the Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan was $3.9 million and $4.8 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2021

and 2020

, the total value of these Changyou share options vested on their respective vesting dates was $2.6 million

and $2.6 million, respectively

3) Sohu Video Share-based Awards

On January 4, 2012, Sohu Video, the holding entity of Sohu’s video division, adopted the Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan

which provided for the issuance of up to

25,000,000

ordinary shares of Sohu Video to management and key employees of the video division and to Sohu management. The maximum term of any share

based

award granted under the Sohu Video Share Incentive

Plan is 10 years from

the grant date. The Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan expired on January 4, 2022, and is no longer available for granting new share-based awards.

As of December 31, 2021, grants of options for the purchase of 16,368,200 ordinary shares of Sohu Video had been contractually made and were subject to vesting in four equal installments, with each installment vesting upon a service period requirement being met, as well as Sohu Video’s achievement of performance targets for the corresponding period.

As of

December 31, 2021,

options for the purchase of 4,972,800

Sohu Video

ordinary shares

were vested.

For purposes of ASC

718-10-25,

as of December 31, 2021, no grant date had occurred, because the broader terms and conditions of the option awards had neither been finalized nor mutually agreed upon with the recipients.

In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

the Group’s management determined that the service inception date with respect to vested option awards for the purchase of 4,972,800 shares had preceded the grant date. Therefore, the Group recognized compensation expense for

those

vested Sohu Video share-based awards and

re-measured

the compensation expense on each subsequent reporting date based on the then-current fair values of these vested awards

, which the Group will continue to do

until the grant date is established.

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, total share-based compensation expense recognized for vested Sohu Video options under the Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan was

negative

1.0 million, negative $0.7 million and negative $0.9 million, respectively.

The fair value as of December 31, 2021 of the Sohu Video options contractually granted to management and key employees of Sohu Video and to Sohu management was estimated on the reporting date using the binomial valuation model, with the following assumptions used:


Assumptions Adopted	2020			2021
Average risk-free interest rate		1.11	%		0.59	%
Exercise multiple		2.8			2.8
Expected forfeiture rate (post-vesting)		5	%		2	%
Weighted average expected option life		1.0			0
Volatility rate		57.3	%		97.3	%
Dividend yield		0			0
Fair value		0.21			0

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

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NET INCOME/(LOSS) PER SHARE [Abstract]

Noncontrolling Interest

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST [Abstract]

Noncontrolling Interest

19. NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

Prior to the completion of the Changyou Merger on April 17, 2020, the noncontrolling interests in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements primarily consisted of noncontrolling interests for Changyou and Sogou and, following the completion of the Changyou Merger and prior to the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, consisted of noncontrolling interests for Sogou.

Noncontrolling Interest in the Consolidated Balance Sheets

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheets was

1.3

million

and $684.6

million

, respectively.


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

Changyou	$	1,321	$	1,318
Sogou		683,291		0

Total	$	684,612	$	1,318

Noncontrolling

Interest of Changyou

As a result of the completion of Sohu’s acquisition of the noncontrolling interests in Changyou on April 17, 2020, Sohu holds 100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares, and the noncontrolling interests recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets only reflected economic interests in Changyou’s subsidiaries held by shareholders other than Changyou.

Noncontrolling

interest of Changyou of $1.3 million was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets

as of both December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Noncontrolling Interest of Sogou

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, noncontrolling interest of Sogou of nil and $683.3 million, respectively, was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated balance sheets, representing an economic interest of nil

and 66%, respectively, in Sogou’s net assets held by shareholders other than Sohu and reflecting the reclassification of Sogou’s share-based compensation expense from shareholders’ additional

paid-in

capital to noncontrolling interest.

As a result of the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase on September 23, 2021, the Company no longer has any ownership interest in Sogou and has ceased consolidating Sogou in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Noncontrolling Interest in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss)

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively, the Sohu Group had net income of $6.4 million, net income

negative

$42.2 million and net income of $105.9 million, respectively, attributable to the noncontrolling interest in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020			2021

Changyou	$	46,990	$	18,448		$	(3	)
Sogou		58,955		(60,656	)		6,451

Total	$	105,945	$	(42,208	)	$	6,448

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020			2021

Net income /(loss) from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders	$	58,223	$	18,448		$	(3	)
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders		47,722		(60,656	)		6,451

Net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest shareholders	$	105,945	$	(42,208	)	$	6,448

Noncontrolling Interest of Changyou

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively,

a net loss of

$3,000

net income

$18.4 million and

net income of

$47.0 million, respectively, attributable to the noncontrolling interest of Changyou was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss), representing nil, nil and 33%, respectively, of the economic interest in Changyou attributable to shareholders other than Sohu.

Noncontrolling Interest of Sogou (Discontinued)

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively,

net income o

$6.5

million, a

net

loss of

60.7

million

and

net income

59.0

million, respectively, attributable to the noncontrolling interest of Sogou was recognized in the Sohu Group’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss), representing Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to shareholders other than Sohu.

Net Income/(Loss) per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Net Income/(Loss) per Share

20. NET INCOME/(LOSS) PER SHARE

Additionally, for purposes of calculating the numerator of diluted net income/(loss) per share, the net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu is calculated as discussed below. The adjustment will not be made if there is an anti-dilutive effect.

Changyou’s Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to Sohu

After the completion of the Changyou Merger, the Sohu Board approved the Changyou Plans’ Modification, pursuant to which, among other things, a portion of the share options previously granted under the Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan that became vested after the completion of the Changyou Merger were settled by Changyou at a fixed price of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $5.40 per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary

share.

In the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share, before the Sohu Board’s approval of the Changyou Plans’ Modification, a dilutive effect should be assumed. All of Changyou’s existing unvested restricted share units and share options, and vested restricted share units and share options that have not yet been settled or exercised, are treated as vested and settled by Changyou under the treasury stock method, causing the percentage of the weighted average number of shares held by Sohu in Changyou to decrease. As a result, Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis decreased accordingly. The effect of this calculation is presented as “incremental dilution from Changyou” in the table below. Assuming an anti-dilutive effect, all of these Changyou restricted share units and share options are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share. As a result, Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basic net income/(loss) per share.

After the Changyou Plans’ Modification, all of Changyou’s previously granted share-based awards were reclassified as obligation-based awards. Accordingly, all of those Changyou awards are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share. Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basic net income/(loss) per share. There have been no dilutive effects resulting from Changyou’s existing unvested share options.

Sogou’s Net Income/(Loss) Attributable to Sohu (Discontinued)

In the calculation of Sohu’s diluted net income/(loss) per share, assuming a dilutive effect, the percentage of Sohu’s shareholding in Sogou was calculated by treating convertible preferred shares issued by Sogou as having been converted at the beginning of the period and unvested Sogou share options where the performance targets had been achieved, as well as vested but unexercised Sogou share options, as having been exercised during the period. The dilutive effect of share-based awards with a performance requirement was not considered before the performance targets were actually met. The effect of this calculation is presented as “incremental dilution from Sogou” in the table below. Assuming an anti-dilutive effect, all of these Sogou shares and share options are excluded from the calculation of Sohu’s diluted income/(loss) per share. As a result, Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu on a diluted basis equals the number used for the calculation of Sohu’s basic net income/(loss) per share.

As a result of the completion of the Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase, the Sohu Group no longer has any ownership interest in Sogou, and Sogou is not included in the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents the calculation of the Sohu Group’s basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data).


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021
Numerator:

Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic	$	(156,722	)	$	(54,975	)	$	69,274
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic		7,386			(31,137	)		858,451
Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic		(149,336	)		(86,112	)		927,725
Effect of dilutive securities:
Incremental dilution from Changyou		(507	)		(392	)		0
Incremental dilution from Sogou		(606	)		0			(20	)
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted		(157,282	)		(55,365	)		69,274
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted		6,833			(31,139	)		858,431

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted	$	(150,449	)	$	(86,504	)	$	927,705

Denominator:
Weighted average basic ordinary shares outstanding		39,249			39,452			39,501
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options and restricted share units		0			0			0

Weighted average diluted ordinary shares outstanding	$	39,249		$	39,452		$	39,501

Basic net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited
Continuing operations	$	(3.99	)	$	(1.39	)	$	1.75
Discontinued operations		0.19			(0.79	)		21.74

Net income/(loss) per share		(3.80	)		(2.18	)		23.49

Diluted net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited
Continuing operations	$	(4.01	)	$	(1.40	)	$	1.75
Discontinued operations		0.18			(0.79	)		21.74

Net income/(loss) per share		(3.83	)		(2.19	)		23.49

China Contribution Plan	12 Months Ended
China Contribution Plan	Dec. 31, 2021
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
China Contribution Plan	21. CHINA CONTRIBUTION PLAN The Sohu Group’s subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs in China participate in a government-mandated multi-employer defined contribution plan pursuant to which certain retirement, medical and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. Chinese labor regulations require the Group’s subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs to pay to the local labor bureau a monthly contribution at a stated contribution rate based on the monthly compensation of qualified employees. The relevant local labor bureau is responsible for meeting all retirement benefit obligations; the Group’s China-based subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs have no further commitments beyond their monthly contributions. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Group’s China based subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs contributed a total of $83.1 million, $59.2 million and $79.2 million, respectively, to these funds.

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

Profit Appropriation	12 Months Ended
Profit Appropriation	Dec. 31, 2021
Profit Appropriation [Abstract]
Profit Appropriation	22. PROFIT APPROPRIATION The Sohu Group’s China-based subsidiaries and VIEs are required to make appropriations to certain non-distributable reserve funds. On March 15, 2019, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the PRC issued the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign Investment (the “Foreign Investment Law”), which took effect on January 1, 2020 and replaced the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign Investment Enterprises , promulgated on April 12, 1986 and most recently amended on September 3, 2016 (the “Replaced Foreign Investment Enterprises Law”), and certain other laws and regulations relating to foreign investment. On December 12, 2019, the State Council of the PRC also issued the Implementing Regulations of the Foreign Investment Law., which became effective on January 1, 2020. Under the China Foreign Investment Enterprises Laws and its supplemental regulations those of the Group’s China-based subsidiaries that are considered under PRC law to be WFOEs are required to make appropriations from their after-tax profit as determined under generally accepted accounting principles in the PRC (the “after-tax-profit under PRC GAAP”) to non-distributable reserve funds, including (i) a general reserve fund and (ii) a staff bonus and welfare fund. Each year, at least 10% of the after-tax-profit under PRC GAAP is required to be set aside as general reserve fund until such appropriations for the fund equal 50% of the registered capital of the applicable entity. The appropriation for the other reserve fund is at the Group’s discretion as determined by each entity. Alternatively, after January 1, 2020, those China-based subsidiaries of the Group that are wholly foreign-owned enterprises may choose to make appropriations from their after-tax-profit under PRC GAAP to non-distributable reserve funds, including a statutory surplus fund and a discretionary surplus fund, in compliance with the requirements of the Company Law of the PRC (the “Company Law”) that apply to PRC domestically-funded enterprises. Pursuant to the Company Law, those of the Group’s China-based subsidiaries that are considered under PRC law to be domestically funded enterprises, as well as the Group’s VIEs, are required to make appropriations from their after-tax-profit under PRC GAAP to non-distributable reserve funds, including a statutory surplus fund and a discretionary surplus fund. Each year, at least 10% of the after-tax-profit under PRC GAAP is required to be set aside as statutory surplus fund until such appropriations for the fund equal 50% of the registered capital of the applicable entity. The appropriation for the discretionary surplus fund is at the Company’s discretion as determined by each entity. Upon certain regulatory approvals and subject to certain limitations, the general reserve fund and the statutory surplus fund can be used to offset prior year losses, if any, and can be converted into paid-in capital of the applicable entity. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the total amount of profits contributed to these funds by the Group was $0.1 million, $0.4 million and $10.4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the total amount of profits contributed to these funds by the Group was $57.2 million and $81.1 million, respectively. As a result of these and other restrictions under PRC laws and regulations, the Group’s China-based subsidiaries and VIEs are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets in the form of non-distributable reserve funds to the Company in the form of dividends, loans or advances. Even though the Company currently does not require any such dividends, loans or advances from its China-based subsidiaries and VIEs for working capital and other funding purposes, the Company may in the future require additional cash resources from its China-based subsidiaries and VIEs due to changes in business conditions, to fund future acquisitions and development, or to declare and pay dividends to or make distributions to its shareholders.

Concentration Risks	12 Months Ended
Concentration Risks	Dec. 31, 2021
CONCENTRATION RISKS [Abstract]
Concentration Risks	23. CONCENTRATION RISKS Because its operations are substantially conducted in the PRC, the Sohu Group is subject to PRC-related political, economic and legal risks. Besides these risks, the Sohu Group may also have the following concentration risks. Operation Risk For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, there were no revenues from customers that individually represent greater than 10% of the total online advertising revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues from TLBB PC were $421.7 million, accounting for approximately 66% of Changyou’s online game revenues, approximately 65% of Changyou’s total revenues and approximately 50% of the Sohu Group’s total revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2021, revenues from Legacy TLBB Mobile were $79.5 million, accounting for approximately 12% of Changyou’s online game revenues, approximately 12% of Changyou’s total revenues, and approximately 10% of the Sohu Group’s total revenues. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Sohu Group to concentration risks consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term time deposits. Cash and cash equivalents in Sohu Group are mainly denominated in RMB and in U.S. dollars. Short-term investments and long-term time deposits are denominated in RMB. The Group may experience economic losses and negative impacts on earnings and equity as a result of fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the RMB. Moreover, the Chinese government imposes controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of the PRC. The Group may experience difficulties in completing the administrative procedures necessary to obtain and remit foreign currency. Credit Risk As of December 31, 2021, approximately 61% of the Sohu Group’s cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments , and long-term time deposits were held in 16 financial institutions in Mainland China. The remaining cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held prima rily in financial institutions in Hong Kong and Macao. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 95% of the Sohu Group’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held in 22 financial institutions in Mainland China. The remaining cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held primarily in financial institutions in Hong Kong and Macao. The Sohu Group holds its cash and bank deposits at Chinese financial institutions that are among the largest and most respected in the PRC and at international financial institutions with high ratings from internationally-recognized rating agencies. The management chooses these institutions because of their reputations and track records for stability, and their known large cash reserves, and management periodically reviews these institutions’ reputations, track records, and reported reserves. Management expects that any additional institutions that the Sohu Group uses for its cash and bank deposits will be chosen with similar criteria for soundness. As a further means of managing its credit risk, the Sohu Group holds its cash and bank deposits in a number of different financial institutions. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Sohu Group held its cash and bank deposits in different financial institutions and held no more than approximately 35% and 59%, respectively, of its total cash at any single institution. Under PRC law, it is generally required that a commercial bank in the PRC that holds third party cash deposits protect the depositors’ rights over and interests in their deposited money; PRC banks are subject to a series of risk control regulatory standards; and PRC bank regulatory authorities are empowered to take over the operation and management of any PRC bank that faces a material credit crisis. For the credit risk related to accounts receivable, the Sohu Group performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and, if necessary, maintains reserves for potential credit losses. Historically, such losses have been within management’s expectations.

Restricted Net Assets	12 Months Ended
Restricted Net Assets	Dec. 31, 2021
RESTRICTED NET ASSETS [Abstract]
Restricted Net Assets	24. RESTRICTED NET ASSETS Relevant PRC law and regulations permit payment of dividends by PRC-based operating entities only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, a PRC-based operating entity is required to annually appropriate 10% of net after-tax income to the statutory surplus reserve fund (see Note 23) prior to payment of any dividends, unless such reserve funds have reached 50% of the entity’s registered capital. As a result of these and other restrictions under PRC law and regulations, PRC-based operating entities are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company either in the form of dividends, loans or advances. The Company may in the future require additional cash resources from PRC-based operating entities due to changes in business conditions, to fund future acquisitions and development, or to declare and pay dividends to or distribution to its shareholders. As of December 31, 2021, the Group had restricted net assets in the amount of $1.29 billion.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Accounting Standards

Use of Estimates

Basis of Consolidation and Recognition of Noncontrolling Interest

Discontinued operations

VIE Consolidation

Noncontrolling Interest Recognition

Noncontrolling Interest for Changyou

control

s 100% of the combined total of Changyou’s outstanding ordinary shares and 100%

Noncontrolling Interest for Sogou

Segment Reporting

Revenue Recognition

advertising-for-advertising

barter transaction, allocation of upfront license fees for

licensed-out

The following table presents the Group’s revenues disaggregated by products and services:


	Year Ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	94,692		0		94,692
Sohu Video		34,529		0		34,529
Focus		32,120		0		32,120
17173.com Website		0		13,715		13,715
Online games:
PC games		0		267,752		267,752
Mobile games		0		172,718		172,718
Other games		0		432		432
Others		57,082		763		57,845

Total	$	218,423		455,380		673,803


	Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	86,293		0		86,293
Sohu Video		25,312		0		25,312
Focus		23,281		0		23,281
17173.com Website		0		11,640		11,640
Online games:
PC games		0		353,737		353,737
Mobile games		0		182,947		182,947
Others		66,658		22		66,680

Total	$	201,544		548,346		749,890


	Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	75,408		0		75,408
Sohu Video		26,803		0		26,803
Focus		22,013		0		22,013
17173.com Website		0		10,743		10,743
Online games:
PC games		0		469,332		469,332
Mobile games		0		168,893		168,893
Others		62,382		2		62,384

Total	$	186,606		648,970		835,576

Brand Advertising Revenues

Revenue Recognition of Multiple Performance Obligations

Pricing Model

(i) Fixed Price model

(ii) CPM model

(iii) CPC model

Under the CPC model, there is no fixed price for advertising services stated in the contract with the advertiser and the unit price for each click is auction-based. The Group charges advertisers on a

per-click

Online Game Revenues

Changyou’s online game revenues are generated primarily from its self-operated and

licensed-out

PC games and mobile games. All of Changyou’s games are operated under the item-based revenue model, where the basic game play functions are free of charge and players are charged for purchases of

in-game

virtual items, including those with a predetermined expiration time and perpetual virtual items.

in-game

PC Games

Changyou’s self-operated PC games are either developed in house or licensed from third-party developers. For licensed PC games, Changyou remits a

pre-agreed

Mobile Games

Self-operated Mobile Games

For self-operated mobile games, Changyou sells game points to its game players via third-party mobile APP stores. The mobile APP stores in turn pay Changyou proceeds after deducting their share of

pre-agreed

revenue-sharing amounts.

pre-agreed

Licensed Out Mobile Games

up-front

Other Revenues

Sohu

Other revenues attributable to Sohu consist primarily of revenues from paid subscription services, interactive broadcasting services, and revenue sharing from other platforms.

Changyou

Other revenues attributable to Changyou are primarily from IVAS.

Contract Balances

material. The allowance for credit losses was

$12.4 million and $7.0 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

There was no significant change in the contract assets and contract liability balances during 2021.

Revenue recognized in 2021 from performance obligations related to prior years was not material.

Practical Expedients

The Group has used the following practical expedients as allowed under ASC 606:

(iv) The Group generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would be one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of Brand Advertising Revenues

Cost of Online Game Revenues

Cost of Other Revenues

Product Development Expenses

Sales and Marketing Expenses

General and Administrative Expenses

Share-based Compensation Expense

re-measured

After the completion of the Changyou Merger, the board of directors of

the

ompany

per-share

exercise price of $0.01 of such options.

No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made given the awards are obligations based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) and Changyou Share-based Awards

Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) Share-based Awards

Under ASC

718-10-25,

no grant date can be established until a mutual understanding is reached between Sohu and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

as the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense was accrued beginning on the service inception date and will be

re-measured

Changyou Share-based Awards

718-10-25,

no grant date can be established until a mutual understanding is reached between Changyou and the recipients clarifying the subjective performance requirements. In accordance with ASC

718-10-55,

as the service inception date preceded the grant date, compensation expense was accrued beginning on the service inception date and will be

re-measured

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share, which equals the Changyou Merger consideration of $

5.40

per Changyou Class A ordinary share minus the

per-share

exercise price of $

0.01

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share. No subsequent fair value

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $

5.39

per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Compensation Expense Recognition

Sohu Video Share-based Awards

On January 4, 2012, Sohu Video, the holding entity of Sohu’s video division, adopted a 2011 Share Incentive Plan (the “Sohu Video Share Incentive

Plan”),

which provided for the issuance of up to

25,000,000

ordinary shares of Sohu Video (representing approximately

10%

of the outstanding Sohu Video shares on a fully-diluted basis) to management and key employees of the video division and to Sohu management. The maximum term of any
share

based

As of December 31, 2021, grants of options for the purchase of 16,368,200

As of December 31, 2021, options for the purchase o

4,972,800

Sohu Video ordinary shares were vested.

For purposes of ASC

718-10-25,

718-10-55,

the Group’s management determined that the service inception date with respect to vested option awards for the purchase of 4,972,800 shares had preceded the grant date. Therefore, the Group

recognized compensation expense for those vested Sohu Video share-based awards and

re-measured

the compensation expense on each subsequent reporting date based on the then-current fair values of these vested awards, which the Group will continue to do until the grant date is established.

Taxation

PRC Corporate Income Tax

PRC Withholding Tax on Dividends

non-PRC

PRC Value Added Tax

a rate of 6%) and the available input VAT amount (at the rate applicable to the supplier).

Taxation on distributions from VIEs to the Subsidiaries

U.S. Corporate Income Tax

Sohu.com Inc., which was formerly the

top-tier

one-time

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs and Changyou’s

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs or Sogou’s

non-U.S.

subsidiaries and VIEs, or where Sohu.com Inc.’s

non-U.S.

To the extent that portions of Sohu.com Inc.’s U.S. taxable income, such as Subpart F income or global intangible

low-taxed

Treatment of Toll Charge Related to the U.S. TCJA

non-U.S.

For the fourth quarter of 2018, the Sohu Group’s management

re-evaluated

Uncertain Tax Positions

two-step

approach for tax position measurement and financial statement recognition. For the

two-step

Net Income/(Loss) per Share

Changyou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu

per-share

re-measurement

will be made, given that the award is an obligation based on a fixed amount of $5.39 per Changyou Class A ordinary share.

Sogou’s net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu (Discontinued)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Level 1 - observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 - include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the market place.

Level 3 - unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

Cash Equivalents

Restricted Cash and Restricted Time Deposits

Restricted cash and restricted time deposits are valued based on the prevailing interest rates in the market using the discounted cash flow method. See Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements.

Short-term Investments

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable represent historical balances recorded less related cash applications, less allowance for credit losses and any write-offs of any receivables not previously provided for.

Allowance for credit losses

Effective on January 1, 2020, the Sohu Group adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU)

2016-13,

“Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU

2016-13”)

The Sohu Group adopted ASU

2016-13

Accounts receivable are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the same line item.

Accounts receivable, net, as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 consisted of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$	94,528		$	94,908
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(7,007	)		(12,358	)

	$	87,521		$	82,550

The following table presents the aging analysis of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 and 2021

(in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

Less than 179 days	$	78,805	$	79,155
180-359 days		7,569		7,437
360 days and greater		8,154		8,316

Total		94,528		94,908

The movement of allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021
Balance at the beginning of year	$	7,574		$	3,956		$	7,007
Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13 (1)		0			3,383			0
Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries		4,724			2,419			6,292
Write-offs		(8,237	)		(3,231	)		(1,155	)
Exchange difference		(105	)		480			214

Balance at the end of year		3,956			7,007			12,358

Note (1): The Company adopted ASU

2016-13

using the modified retrospective transition approach. The adjustments arising from the new CECL model are recognized in the opening Consolidated Balance Sheet on January 1, 2020.

Equity Investments

Investments in entities are recorded as equity investments under long-term investments. For investments in common stock or

in-substance

Long Term Time Deposits

Long-term Time Deposits

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets include fixed assets and intangible assets.

Fixed Assets


Fixed Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Office buildings		36-47
Leasehold improvements		Lesser of term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Vehicles		4
Office furniture		5
Computer equipment and hardware		4-5

Expenditure for maintenance and repairs is expensed as incurred.

Intangible Assets

The estimated useful lives of the Group’s intangible assets are listed below:


Intangible Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Purchased video content		1 month to 2 years
Computer software		1-5
Developed technologies		3-10
Domain names and trademarks		4-30
Operating rights for licensed games		over the contract terms

transactions.

Impairment of

Long-lived Assets Other Than Purchased Video Content

In accordance with ASC

360-10-35,

Impairment of Purchased Video Content

Purchased video content is stated at the lower of cost less accumulated amortization, or fair value.

In accordance with ASC

920-350-35,

Lease

The Sohu Group adopted ASU

No. 2016-02,

Leases (Topic 842), at the beginning of the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective method, and did not restate comparable periods.

Under the new lease guidance, the Sohu Group determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception.

Right-of-use

The Sohu Group only considers payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of lease commencement. The adoption of the new lease guidance resulted in recognition of $7.4 million of

right-of-use

assets, $

6.7

illion of lease liabilities, $

17.9

million of

right-of-use

assets on assets held

for

sale, and $

16.2

million of lease liabilities on liabilities held for sale as of

January

1, 2019.

Goodwill

No. 2017-04,

Treasury Stock

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity of a company

during

Functional Currency and Foreign Currency Translation

re-measured

at the applicable rates of exchange in effect at that date. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency

re-measurement

are included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Simplifying the accounting for income taxes (Topic 740).

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2019-12,

ncome Taxes (Topic 740)-Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

. ASU

No. 2019-12

In January 2020, the FASB issued ASU

No. 2020-01,

Other accounting standards that the Sohu Group adopted beginning January 1, 2021 did not have a significant impact on the Sohu Group’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company and Nature of Operations (Information of Subsidiaries and VIEs) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS [Abstract]

Information of all subsidiaries and VIEs


Name of Entity	Date of Incorporation/Acquisition	Place of Incorporation/ Acquisition	Effective Interest held through equity ownership/contractual arrangements

Subsidiaries:
For Sohu:

Sohu.com (Hong Kong) Limited	Incorporated on April 19, 2000	Hong Kong		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Era Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Era”)	Incorporated on July 25, 2003	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu.com (Search) Limited (“Sohu Search”)	Incorporated on October 28, 2005	Cayman Islands		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Media”)	Incorporated on June 19, 2006	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu.com (Game) Limited (“Sohu Game”)	Incorporated on February 11, 2008	Cayman Islands		100	%
Beijing Sohu New Momentum Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Sohu New Momentum”)	Incorporated on May 31, 2010	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Fox Video Limited (“Sohu Video”)	Incorporated on July 26, 2011	Cayman Islands		100	%
Fox Information Technology (Tianjin) Limited (“Video Tianjin”)	Incorporated on November 17, 2011	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Sohu Focus Limited	Incorporated on July 11, 2013	Cayman Islands		100	%
Sohu Focus (HK) Limited (“Focus HK”)	Incorporated on July 26, 2013	Hong Kong		100	%
For Changyou:
Changyou.com Limited (“Changyou”)	Incorporated on August 6, 2007	Cayman Islands		100	%
Changyou.com (HK) Limited (“Changyou HK”)	Incorporated on August 13, 2007	Hong Kong		100	%
Beijing AmazGame Age Internet Technology Co., Ltd. (“AmazGame”)	Incorporated on September 26, 2007	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Beijing Changyou Gamespace Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gamespace”)	Incorporated on October 29, 2009	People’s Republic of China		100	%
Changyou.com Korea LLC	Incorporated on January 7, 2010	Korea		100	%
Beijing Changyou Chuangxiang Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Changyou Chuangxiang”)	Incorporated on November 8, 2016	People’s Republic of China		100	%

VIEs:
For Sohu:
Beijing Century High-Tech Investment Co., Ltd. (“High Century”)	Incorporated on December 28, 2001	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Heng Da Yi Tong Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Heng Da Yi Tong”)	Incorporated on February 7, 2002	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. (“Sohu Internet”)	Incorporated on July 31, 2003	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Sohu Donglin Advertising Co., Ltd. (“Donglin”)	Incorporated on May 17, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Tianjin Jinhu Culture Development Co., Ltd (“Tianjin Jinhu”)	Incorporated on November 24, 2011	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Focus Interactive Information Service Co., Ltd. (“Focus Interactive”)	Incorporated on July 15, 2014	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Guangzhou Qianjun Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Guangzhou Qianjun”)	Acquired on November 25, 2014	People’s Republic of China	100	%
For Changyou:
Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (“Gamease”)	Incorporated on August 23, 2007	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Shanghai ICE Information Technology Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai ICE”)	Acquired on May 28, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%
Beijing Guanyou Gamespace Digital Technology Co., Ltd. (“Guanyou Gamespace”)	Incorporated on August 5, 2010	People’s Republic of China	100	%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]

Schedule of accounts notes loans and financing receivable

Accounts receivable, net, as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 consisted of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$	94,528		$	94,908
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(7,007	)		(12,358	)

	$	87,521		$	82,550

Accounts receivable current overdue details

The following table presents the aging analysis of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2020 and 2021

(in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

Less than 179 days	$	78,805	$	79,155
180-359 days		7,569		7,437
360 days and greater		8,154		8,316

Total		94,528		94,908

Accounts receivable allowance for credit loss

The movement of allowance for credit losses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 was as follows (in thousands):


	For the year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021
Balance at the beginning of year	$	7,574		$	3,956		$	7,007
Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13 (1)		0			3,383			0
Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries		4,724			2,419			6,292
Write-offs		(8,237	)		(3,231	)		(1,155	)
Exchange difference		(105	)		480			214

Balance at the end of year		3,956			7,007			12,358

Estimated useful lives of fixed assets


Fixed Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Office buildings		36-47
Leasehold improvements		Lesser of term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Vehicles		4
Office furniture		5
Computer equipment and hardware		4-5

Estimated useful lives of intangible assets


Intangible Assets		Estimated Useful Lives (years)
Purchased video content		1 month to 2 years
Computer software		1-5
Developed technologies		3-10
Domain names and trademarks		4-30
Operating rights for licensed games		over the contract terms

ASC 606 [Member]

New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]

Revenues disaggregated by products and services


	Year Ended December 31, 2019 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	94,692		0		94,692
Sohu Video		34,529		0		34,529
Focus		32,120		0		32,120
17173.com Website		0		13,715		13,715
Online games:
PC games		0		267,752		267,752
Mobile games		0		172,718		172,718
Other games		0		432		432
Others		57,082		763		57,845

Total	$	218,423		455,380		673,803


	Year Ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	86,293		0		86,293
Sohu Video		25,312		0		25,312
Focus		23,281		0		23,281
17173.com Website		0		11,640		11,640
Online games:
PC games		0		353,737		353,737
Mobile games		0		182,947		182,947
Others		66,658		22		66,680

Total	$	201,544		548,346		749,890


	Year Ended December 31, 2021 (in thousands)
	Sohu		Changyou		Total
Brand advertising:
Sohu Media Portal	$	75,408		0		75,408
Sohu Video		26,803		0		26,803
Focus		22,013		0		22,013
17173.com Website		0		10,743		10,743
Online games:
PC games		0		469,332		469,332
Mobile games		0		168,893		168,893
Others		62,382		2		62,384

Total	$	186,606		648,970		835,576

Discontinued Operations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]

Balance Sheet Information of Discontinued Operations

(in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2020
ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents	$	287,185
Restricted cash		23,018
Short-term investments		774,618
Account and financing receivables, net		73,656
Prepaid and other current assets		28,946
Long-term investments, net		74,004
Fixed assets, net		89,089
Goodwill		6,527
Intangible assets, net		1,446
Other assets		53,679

Total assets associated with discontinued operations	$	1,412,168

LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	122,695
Accrued liabilities		68,582
Receipts in advance		64,414
Accrued salary and benefits		25,350
Taxes payable		64,082
Other short-term liabilities		61,154
Long-term liabilities		10,721

Total liabilities associated with discontinued operations	$	416,998

Comprehensive Income Information of Discontinued Operations


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019 (1)

Revenues	$	37,323
Cost of revenues		43,857
Gross loss		(6,534	)
Operating expenses:
Sales and marketing		8,807
General and administrative		18,583
Total operating expenses		27,390
Operating loss		(33,924	)
Interest income		7
Other income/(expense), net		61
Loss from discontinued operations before income tax expense		(33,856	)
Income tax expense		142

Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax		(33,998	)

Note (1): Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2019 to August 12, 2019.

Schedule Of Effective Income tax Rate Of Discontinued Operations


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021 (1)(3)
Statutory Rate:		25	%		25	%		25	%
Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		(2	%)		(18	%)		127	%
Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		3	%		(3	%)		(90	%)
Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets		7	%		(43	%)		349	%
Research and development super-deduction and other permanent book-tax differences		(25	%)		35	%		(249	%)
Capital gains from equity investments		(5	%)		1	%		(175	%)

		3	%		(3	%)		(13	%)

Note	(1): Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

Note (3): The changes in the effective tax rate for the period ended September 23, 2021 resulted from the lower income from discontinued operations before income tax expense.

Cash Flow Information of Discontinued Operations


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019 (1)

Net cash provided by discontinued operating activities	$	9,341
Net cash used in discontinued investing activities		(10,808	)
Net cash provided by discontinued financing activities		0

Note (1): Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2019 to August 12, 2019.

Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract]

Segment operating information by segment

The following tables present summary information by segment (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31, 2019
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations			Consolidated

Revenues	$	218,442		$	455,380		$	(19	)	$	673,803
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(148,258	)		(95,268	)		21			(243,505	)

Segment gross profit		70,184			360,112			2			430,298
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(23	)		(120	)		1			(142	)

Gross profit		70,161			359,992			3			430,156

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(113,761	)		(119,726	)		0			(233,487	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(155,226	)		(49,768	)		2			(204,992	)
General and administrative (1)		(31,330	)		(22,074	)		(17	)		(53,421	)
Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions		(7,245	)		0			0			(7,245	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(1,023	)		(1,185	)		0			(2,208	)

Total operating expenses		(308,585	)		(192,753	)		(15	)		(501,353	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(238,424	)		167,239			(12	)		(71,197	)

Other income											7,963
Interest income											6,103
Interest expense											(14,370	)
Exchange difference											1,430

Loss before income tax expense											(70,071	)
Income tax benefit											(28,428	)

Net loss from continuing operations											(98,499	)
Net income from discontinued operations											55,108

Net loss										$	(43,391	)

Note (1): Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $50.7 million and $16.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.


	Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations		Consolidated
Revenues	$	201,544		$	548,346		$	0	$	749,890
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(122,362	)		(94,362	)		7		(216,717	)

Segment gross profit		79,182			453,984			7		533,173
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(177	)		(543	)		0		(720	)

Gross profit		79,005			453,441			7		532,453

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(97,681	)		(136,934	)		0		(234,615	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(106,057	)		(53,272	)		0		(159,329	)
General and administrative (1)		(25,861	)		(25,517	)		0		(51,378	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(1,759	)		(12,001	)		0		(13,760	)

Total operating expenses		(231,358	)		(227,724	)		0		(459,082	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(152,353	)		225,717			7		73,371

Other income										25,993
Interest income										7,369
Interest expense										(6,234	)
Exchange difference										(3,800	)

Loss before income tax expense										96,699
Income tax expense										(133,226	)

Net loss from continuing operations										(36,527	)
Net income from discontinued operations										(91,793	)

Net loss									$	(128,320	)

Note (1): Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $26.4 million and $13.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.


	Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Sohu			Changyou			Eliminations		Consolidated

Revenues	$	186,606		$	648,970		$	0	$	835,576
Segment cost of revenues (1)		(113,881	)		(90,517	)		4		(204,394	)

Segment gross profit		72,725			558,453			4		631,182
SBC in cost of revenues (2)		(1	)		(276	)		0		(277	)

Gross profit		72,724			558,177			4		630,905

Operating expenses:
Product development (1)		(113,186	)		(151,773	)		0		(264,959	)
Sales and marketing (1)		(126,126	)		(56,396	)		0		(182,522	)
General and administrative (1)		(36,949	)		(40,702	)		0		(77,651	)
SBC in operating expenses (2)		(804	)		(7,497	)		0		(8,301	)

Total operating expenses		(277,065	)		(256,368	)		0		(533,433	)

Operating profit/(loss)		(204,341	)		301,809			4		97,472

Other income										29,416
Interest income										15,641
Interest expense										(7,500	)
Exchange difference										(3,462	)

Income before income tax expense										131,567
Income tax expense										(62,296	)

Net loss from continuing operations										69,271
Net loss from discontinued operations										864,902

Net loss									$	934,173

Note (1): Total

depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $23.4 million and $12.6 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Note (2): “SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.

Segment assets information by segment


	As of December 31, 2020
	Sohu		Changyou		Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56,977	$	160,080	$	0		$	217,057
Accounts receivable, net		60,886		26,635		0			87,521
Fixed assets, net		174,700		162,976		(2	)		337,674
Total assets (1)	$	1,632,736	$	2,478,705	$	(2,701,488	)	$	1,409,953


	As of December 31, 202 1
	Sohu		Changyou		Eliminations			Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents	$	929,851	$	69,098	$	0		$	998,949
Accounts receivable, net		48,108		34,442		0			82,550
Fixed assets, net		170,213		159,784		0			329,997
Total assets (1)	$	2,294,537	$	2,610,964	$	(2,659,716	)	$	2,245,785

Share-based Compensation Expense (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE [Abstract]

Share-based compensation expense recognized in costs and expenses

Share-based compensation expense was recognized in costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
Share-based compensation expense	2019			2020		2021
Cost of revenues	$	142		$	720	$	277
Product development expenses		1,364			7,325		3,904
Sales and marketing expenses		(326	)		460		166
General and administrative expenses		1,170			5,975		4,231

	$	2,350		$	14,480	$	8,578

Share-based compensation expense was recognized for share awards of Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou and Sohu Video

Share-based compensation expense was recognized for share awards of Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou and Sohu Video as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
Share-based compensation expense	2019			2020			2021
For Sohu (excluding Sohu Video) share-based awards	$	1,940		$	2,633		$	1,849
For Changyou share-based awards		1,305			12,545			7,773
For Sohu Video share-based awards		(895	)		(698	)		(1,044	)

	$	2,350		$	14,480		$	8,578

Other Income, Net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

OTHER INCOME, NET [Abstract]

Other Income/(Expense)

The following table summarizes the Sohu Group’s other income/(expense) (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Rental income from Sogou (1)		8,029			9,793			10,427
Investment income		3,004			3			6,352
Income from investments in financial instruments (2)		11,113			4,303			5,260
Individual tax refund and additional deduction of PRC value-added tax		907			6,169			4,827
Write-down of unpaid long-term accounts payable		0			47			1,276
Gover nment grant		5,763			5,928			418
Impairment loss on equity investments ( 3 )		(23,154	)		(384	)		(215	)
Donations		(283	)		(1,460	)		(1,565	)
Others		2,584			1,594			2,636
	$	7,963		$	25,993		$	29,416

Balance Sheet Components (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS [Abstract]

Balance sheet components account and financing receivables, net


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$	94,528			94,908
Allowance for credit losses		(7,007	)		(12,358	)

	$	87,521			82,550

Balance sheet components movement of allowance for credit losses


	Balance at the beginning of year		Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13		Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries		Write-offs			Exchange difference			Balance at the end of year
2019		7,574		0		4,724		(8,237	)		(105	)		3,956
2020		3,956		3,383		2,419		(3,231	)		480			7,007
2021		7,007		0		6,292		(1,155	)		214			12,358

Balance sheet components other assets and liabilities


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021
Prepaid and other current assets
Matching loan due from a related party (See Note 9)	$	34,123	$	34,123
Prepaid taxes		25,043		28,719
Prepaid revenue-sharing cost		10,120		12,428
Prepaid content and license costs		11,029		8,694
Prepaid advertising and promotion fee		244		4,685
Interest receivable from bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less		3,875		3,059
Receivables from third party payment platforms		5,488		2,670
Prepaid professional fees		2,365		2,432
Prepaid rental deposit s		2,310		1,928
Emplo yee advances		587		569
Prepaid office rent and facilities expenses		696		338
Others		10,710		7,666

		$106,590	$	107,311

Prepaid non-current assets
Prepaid PRC income tax for the sale of assets associated with 17173.com by Sohu to Changyou	$	1,006	$	0

	$	1,006	$	0

Other short-term liabilities
Matching loans due to a related party (See Note 9)		34,123		34,123
Contingent liability related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation (1)		23,900		23,900
Deposits related to Focus		21,936		10,387
Share-based awards in Changyou		13,292		20,693
Other payables related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation (2)		0		9,380
Contract deposits from advertisers		3,036		2,679
Lease liabilities		1,107		1,999
Consideration payable for equity investment		751		769
Others		8,026		8,638

	$	106,171	$	112,568

450-20.

Changyou may revise this estimate in the future based on developments in PRC bankruptcy court proceedings regarding.


Receipts in advance and deferred revenue
Receipts in advance relating to:
brand advertising business	$	5,214	$	4,297
online game business		7,869		9,310
other business		6,029		5,286

Total receipts in advance		19,112		18,893
Deferred revenue		32,943		38,148

	$52,055		$57,041

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS [Abstract]

Financial instruments, measured at fair value


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Cash equivalents	$	173,655	$	0	$	173,655	$	0
Restricted cash		330,791		0		330,791		0
Restricted time deposits		101,519		0		101,519		0
Short-term investments		100,745		0		100,745		0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values		9,457		9,457		0		0

The

following table sets forth the financial instruments, measured at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy, as of December 31, 2021

(in thousands):


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Cash equivalents	$	949,884	$	0	$	949,884	$	0
Restricted cash		1,969		0		1,969		0
Short-term investments		399,345		0		399,345		0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values		14,642		14,642		0		0
Long-term time deposits		189,007		0		189,007		0

Assets measured at fair value on nonrecurring basis


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	$	2,585	$	0	$	0	$	2,585
Intangible assets, net		4,842		0		0		4,842
Goodwill		48,434		0		0		48,434


			Fair value measurements at reporting date using
Items	As of December 31, 2021		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	$	2,555	$	0	$	0	$	2,555
Intangible assets, net		9,136		0		0		9,136
Goodwill		48,811		0		0		48,811

Lease (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

LEASE [Abstract]

Components of operating lease expense

Components of operating lease expense are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021

Operating lease expense	$	3,985	$	2,952
Short-term lease expense		297		563

Total operating lease expense	$	4,282	$	3,515

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases are as follows (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities

Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	3,206	$	3,085

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$	5,351	$	2,620

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases

The following table presents supplemental balance sheet information related to the operating leases (in thousands):


	Year ended December 31,
	2020		2021
Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	4,998	$	5,207

Liabilities:
Current lease liabilities		1,107		1,999
Non-current lease liabilities		3,855		3,142

Total operating lease liabilities	$	4,962	$	5,141

Maturities of lease liabilities under operating leases

Maturities of lease liabilities under operating leases as of December 31, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):


2022	$	2,853
2023		2,240
2024		277
2025		98
202 6		0
Thereafter		0

Total future lease payments		5,468
Less: imputed interest		327

Total present value of lease liabilities	$	5,141

Fixed Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

FIXED ASSETS [Abstract]

Fixed assets

The following table summarizes the Sohu Group’s fixed assets (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021
Office buildings	$	392,045		$	401,223
Computer equipment and hardware		132,021			123,079
Leasehold and building improvements		36,649			37,753
Office furniture		6,841			6,960
Vehicles		3,729			3,515

Fixed assets, gross		571,285			572,530
Accumulated depreciation		(233,611	)		(242,533	)

Fixed assets, net	$	337,674		$	329,997

Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

GOODWILL [Abstract]

Change in the carrying value of goodwill by segment

Changes in the carrying value of goodwill by segment are as follows (in thousands):


	Sohu			Changyou			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019
Goodwill		69,379			180,543			249,922
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	37,133		$	10,257		$	47,390

Transactions in 2020
Foreign currency translation adjustment		1,044			0			1,044

Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	38,177		$	10,257		$	48,434

Balance as of December 31, 2020
Goodwill		70,423			180,543			250,966
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	38,177		$	10,257		$	48,434

Transactions in 2021
Foreign currency translation adjustment		377			0			377

Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	38,554		$	10,257		$	48,811

Balance as of December 31, 2021
Goodwill		70,800			180,543			251,343
Accumulated impairment losses		(32,246	)		(170,286	)		(202,532	)

	$	38,554		$	10,257		$	48,811

Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET [Abstract]

Finite-lived intangible assets by major class


	As of December 31, 2020
Items	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Accumulated Impairment			Net Carrying Amount




Purchased video content	$	212,999	$	(161,160	)	$	(50,088	)	$	1,751
Operating rights for licensed games		51,856		(35,017	)		(14,026	)		2,813
Domain names and trademarks		27,536		(10,243	)		(17,219	)		74
Computer software		11,749		(11,545	)		0			204
Developed technologies		8,699		(918	)		(7,781	)		0
Others		2,928		(966	)		(1,962	)		0

Total	$	315,767	$	(219,849	)	$	(91,076	)	$	4,842

	As of December 31, 2021
Items	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Accumulated Impairment			Net Carrying Amount




Purchased video content	$	138,902	$	(99,961	)	$	(37,343	)	$	1,598
Operating rights for licensed games		60,454		(39,431	)		(13,895	)		7,128
Domain names and trademarks		26,766		(10,240	)		(16,506	)		20
Computer software		12,474		(12,084	)		0			390
Developed technologies		8,879		(936	)		(7,943	)		0
Others		2,996		(988	)		(2,008	)		0

Total	$	250,471	$	(163,640	)	$	(77,695	)	$	9,136

Expected amortization expense

As of December 31, 2021, amortization expenses for future periods are estimated to be as follows:


For the year ended December 31,	(in thousands)

2022		4,357
2023		3,761
2024		1,018
2025		0
2026		0
Thereafter		0

Total expected amortization expense	$	9,136

Taxation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Components of income before income taxes


	Year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Income/(loss) before income tax expense
Income/(loss) from China operations	$	(89,150	)	$	154,514		$	153,708
Income/(loss) from non-China operations		19,079			(57,815	)		(22,141	)

Total income/(loss) before income tax expense from continuing operations	$	(70,071	)	$	96,699		$	131,567

Income tax expense applicable to China operations
Current tax	$	9,026		$	24,255		$	31,089
Deferred tax		11,191			102,652			26,207

Subtotal income tax expense applicable to China operations		20,217			126,907			57,296
Non-China income tax expense		7,887			6,207			4,817
Non-China withholding tax expense		324			112			183

Total income tax expense from continuing operations	$	28,428		$	133,226		$	62,296

Combined effects of the income tax exemption and reduction available


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020		2021

Tax holiday effect	$	7,981	$	16,174	$	1,635
Basic net income per share effect		0.20		0.41		0.04

Reconciliation between the U.S. federal statutory rate and the Group's effective tax rate


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021


Statutory Rate:		25	%		25	%		25	%
Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs (1)		11	%		(17	%)		(1	%)
Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs		7	%		9	%		3	%
Effect of withholding taxes (2)		(12	%)		109	%		19	%
Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets		(71	%)		27	%		31	%
Research and development super-deduction		12	%		(9	%)		(19	%)
Others		(1	%)		(13	%)		(14	%)

	(29		%)	131		%	44		%

Note (2): The

revised policy was adopted to facilitate the distribution of a special cash dividend in the aggregate amount of approximately $500.0

million that was declared by Changyou’s board of directors (the “Changyou Board”) on April 5, 2018. The change for 2020 was mainly due to additional income withholding tax

of $88 million that was recognized in the second quarter of 2020 due to a revised policy with respect to Changyou’s PRC subsidiaries regarding their distribution of cash dividends.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Significant components of the Group’s deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2020			2021

Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss from operations	$	325,797		$	291,380
Accrued bonus and commissions		10,613			9,101
Intangible assets transfer		690			485
Others		8,692			7,489

Total deferred tax assets		345,792			308,455
Less: Valuation allowance		(326,755	)		(289,097	)

Net deferred tax assets	$	19,037		$	19,358

Deferred tax liabilities
Withholding tax for dividend	$	(206,594	)	$	(237,116	)
Others		(10,999	)		(12,049	)

Total deferred tax liabilities	$	(217,593	)	$	(249,165	)

Movement of the valuation allowances

The following table sets forth the movement of the valuation

allowances for deferred tax assets for the years presented (in thousands):


	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021



Beginning balance	$	250,524			283,711			326,755
Provision for the year		44,634			36,363			45,787
Reversal for the year		(7,311	)		(12,637	)		(91,019	)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(4,136	)		19,318			7,574

Ending balance	$	283,711			326,755			289,097

Uncertain tax positions


	As of December 31,
	2019		2020		2021

Beginning balance	$	174,363	$	181,640	$	188,760
Increases/(decreases) related to prior year tax positions		7,277		7,120		5,158
Increases related to current year tax positions		0		0		0

Ending balance	$	181,640	$	188,760	$	193,918

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES [Abstract]

Commitments

The following table sets forth the Group’s

commitments as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	2022		2023		2024		2025		2026		Thereafter		Total Payments Required


Royalties and expenditures for licensed content of games	$	15,976		13,512		2,746		0		0		0		32,234
Purchase of bandwidth		14,418		1,029		455		0		0		0		15,902
Purchase of content and services - others		7,530		389		43		0		0		0		7,962
Purchase of content and services - video		6,387		0		0		0		0		0		6,387
Operating lease obligations		3,355		660		103		37		0		0		4,155
Others		3,796		0		0		0		0		0		3,796

Total Payments Required	$	51,462		15,590		3,347		37		0		0		70,436

VIEs (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

VIES [Abstract]

Financial information of consolidated VIEs


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	47,028	$	32,513
Restricted cash		1,211		0
Short-term investments		153		0
Accounts receivable, net		47,234		36,027
Prepaid and other current assets		15,385		18,836
Intra-Group receivables due from the Company’s subsidiaries		506,659		647,330
Assets held for sale (current)		113,011		0

Total current assets		730,681		734,706

Fixed assets, net		295		427
Other non-current assets		69,284		86,744

Total assets	$	800,260	$	821,877

LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	11,145	$	12,325
Accrued liabilities		46,888		43,695
Receipts in advance and deferred revenue		43,076		45,844
Other current liabilities		37,148		24,026
Intra-Group payables due to the Company’s subsidiaries		350,599		462,487
Liabilities held for sale (current)		187,712		0

Total current liabilities		676,568		588,377

Long-term tax liabilities		14,134		14,465
Deferred tax liabilities		2,014		3,323
Other non-current liabilities		1,819		1,750

Total liabilities	$	694,535	$	607,915


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Revenues:
Third-party revenues	$	482,283		$	552,980		$	664,823
Intra-Group revenues		29,674			30,207			21,488

Total revenues		511,957			583,187			686,311
Cost of revenues:
Third-party cost of revenues		101,044			93,333			81,725
Intra-Group cost of revenues		139,765			141,717			136,221

Total cost of revenues		240,809			235,050			217,946
Operating expenses:
Third-party operating expenses		69,131			50,983			72,126
Intra-Group operating expenses		184,799			254,796			366,762

Total operating expenses		253,930			305,779			438,888
Net income from continuing operations		19,607			41,756			35,805
Net loss from discontinued operations		(1,491	)		(82,329	)		(47,924	)


	Year ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net cash provided by transactions with external parties	$	334,903		$	459,263		$	541,172
Net cash used in transactions with intra-Group entities		(310,243	)		(379,649	)		(505,553	)

Net cash provided by continuing operating activities		24,660			79,614			35,619
Net cash used in discontinued operating activities		(5,046	)		(13,244	)		(1,789	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		19,614			66,370			33,830

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net cash used in transactions with external parties		(13,272	)		(773	)		(23,887	)
Net cash used in transactions with intra-Group entities		(40,426	)		(106,321	)		(140,671	)
Net cash used in continuing investing activities		(53,698	)		(107,094	)		(164,558	)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities		(18,040	)		7,797			12,116

Net cash used in investing activities		(71,738	)		(99,297	)		(152,442	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net cash provided by transactions with intra-Group entities		26,559			32,751			111,888

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities		26,559			32,751			111,888
Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued financing activities		8,601			152			(9,131	)

Net cash provided by financing activities		35,160			32,903			102,757

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.

+ References + Details

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Sohu.com Limited's outstanding shares


	Number of Outstanding Shares As of December 31,
	2019		2020		2021
Balance, beginning of year		39,229		39,269		39,306
Issuances:		40		37		44
Repurchases:		0		0		(1,129	)

Balance, end of year		39,269		39,306		38,221

Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Share option activity


						Weighted
	Number			Weighted		Average		Aggregate
	Of			Average		Remaining		Intrinsic
	Shares			Exercise		Contractual		Value (1)
Options	(in thousands)			Price		Life (Years)		(in thousands)

Outstanding as of January 1, 2021		197		$	0.001			$
Granted		113			0.001
Exercised		(39	)		0.001
Forfeited or expired		0

Outstanding as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Vested as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Exercisable as of December 31, 2021		271			0.001		5.87		4,412

Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Stock option assumptions


Assumptions Adopted	2020			2021
Average risk-free interest rate		1.11	%		0.59	%
Exercise multiple		2.8			2.8
Expected forfeiture rate (post-vesting)		5	%		2	%
Weighted average expected option life		1.0			0
Volatility rate		57.3	%		97.3	%
Dividend yield		0			0
Fair value		0.21			0

Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

NONCONTROLLING INTEREST [Abstract]

Noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheets


	As of December 31,
	2020		2021

Changyou	$	1,321	$	1,318
Sogou		683,291		0

Total	$	684,612	$	1,318

Noncontrolling interest in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income /(loss)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020			2021

Changyou	$	46,990	$	18,448		$	(3	)
Sogou		58,955		(60,656	)		6,451

Total	$	105,945	$	(42,208	)	$	6,448

	Year Ended December 31,
	2019		2020			2021

Net income /(loss) from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders	$	58,223	$	18,448		$	(3	)
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders		47,722		(60,656	)		6,451

Net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest shareholders	$	105,945	$	(42,208	)	$	6,448

Net Income/(Loss) per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

NET INCOME/(LOSS) PER SHARE [Abstract]

Calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share

The following table presents the calculation of the Sohu Group’s basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data).


	Year Ended December 31,
	2019			2020			2021
Numerator:

Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic	$	(156,722	)	$	(54,975	)	$	69,274
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic		7,386			(31,137	)		858,451
Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited, basic		(149,336	)		(86,112	)		927,725
Effect of dilutive securities:
Incremental dilution from Changyou		(507	)		(392	)		0
Incremental dilution from Sogou		(606	)		0			(20	)
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted		(157,282	)		(55,365	)		69,274
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted		6,833			(31,139	)		858,431

Net income/(loss) attributable to Sohu.com Limited, diluted	$	(150,449	)	$	(86,504	)	$	927,705

Denominator:
Weighted average basic ordinary shares outstanding		39,249			39,452			39,501
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share options and restricted share units		0			0			0

Weighted average diluted ordinary shares outstanding	$	39,249		$	39,452		$	39,501

Basic net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited
Continuing operations	$	(3.99	)	$	(1.39	)	$	1.75
Discontinued operations		0.19			(0.79	)		21.74

Net income/(loss) per share		(3.80	)		(2.18	)		23.49

Diluted net income/(loss) per share attributable to Sohu.com Limited
Continuing operations	$	(4.01	)	$	(1.40	)	$	1.75
Discontinued operations		0.18			(0.79	)		21.74

Net income/(loss) per share		(3.83	)		(2.19	)		23.49

The Company and Nature of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Sep. 23, 2021	Apr. 17, 2020
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Voting power held by the Company		100.00%
Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Sale of stock, Consideration received on transaction	$ 1,180
Changyou Merger [Member] \| Sohu.com Limited [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Voting power held by the Company		100.00%
Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member] \| Sohu.com Limited [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of outstanding equity capital held by the Company		100.00%
Class A Ordinary Shares and Class B Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Tencent/Sohu Sogou Share Purchase [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Sale of stock, price per share	$ 9.00

The Company and Nature of Operations (Changyou's Business) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Apr. 17, 2020
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 835,576	$ 749,890	$ 673,803
Voting power held by the Company				100.00%
Sohu.com Limited [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Voting power held by the Company				100.00%
Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Sohu.com Limited [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of outstanding equity capital held by the Company				100.00%
TLBB PC [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Revenues	421,700
Legacy TLBB Mobile [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 79,500
Product Risk [Member] \| Online game revenues [Member] \| TLBB PC [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of concentration risk	66.00%
Product Risk [Member] \| Online game revenues [Member] \| Legacy TLBB Mobile [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of concentration risk	12.00%
Product Risk [Member] \| Total revenues [Member] \| TLBB PC [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of concentration risk	50.00%
Product Risk [Member] \| Total revenues [Member] \| Legacy TLBB Mobile [Member]
Organization and Nature of Operations [Line Items]
Percentage of concentration risk	10.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Noncontrolling Interest Recognition) (Details)	Apr. 17, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percentage of ordinary shares held	100.00%
Voting power held by the Company	100.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Revenue Recognition, Adoption of ASC 606, Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 835,576	$ 749,890	$ 673,803
ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	835,576	749,890	673,803
Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	186,606	201,544	218,423
Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	648,970	548,346	455,380
Brand advertising [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	134,967	146,526	175,056
Sohu Media Portal [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	75,408	86,293	94,692
Sohu Media Portal [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	75,408	86,293	94,692
Sohu Media Portal [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
Sohu Video [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	26,803	25,312	34,529
Sohu Video [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	26,803	25,312	34,529
Sohu Video [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
Focus [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	22,013	23,281	32,120
Focus [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	22,013	23,281	32,120
Focus [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
17173.com Website [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	10,743	11,640	13,715
17173.com Website [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
17173.com Website [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	10,743	11,640	13,715
Online games [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	638,225	536,684	440,902
PC games [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	469,332	353,737	267,752
PC games [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
PC games [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	469,332	353,737	267,752
Mobile games [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	168,893	182,947	172,718
Mobile games [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0
Mobile games [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	168,893	182,947	172,718
Other games [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues			432
Other games [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues			0
Other games [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues			432
Others [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	62,384	66,680	57,845
Others [Member] \| Sohu [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	62,382	66,658	57,082
Others [Member] \| Changyou [Member] \| ASC 606 [Member]
Revenues Disaggregated by Products and Services [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 2	$ 22	$ 763

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Revenue Recognition, Contract Balances) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]
Allowance for doubtful accounts and authorized credits	$ 12.4	$ 7.0
Amount of revenue recognized that included in receipts in advance and deferred revenue	$ 46.4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Share-based Compensation Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions				12 Months Ended
	Apr. 17, 2020	Jan. 04, 2012	Jan. 04, 2012	Dec. 31, 2021
Class A Ordinary Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options exercises in Period, Fixed Price				$ 5.39
Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consideration Per Share	$ 5.40
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share options granted				5,443,000
Stock Options [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Exercise prices of option granted	0.01
Long term Debt include Accrued over the Service Period Liability	5.39			$ 5.39
Sohu Video Sharebased Awards [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Date		Jan. 04, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Period		10 years
Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Award vesting period				4 years
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Award vesting period				4 years
Share options granted				4,488,500
Cumulative share based compensation expense				$ 4.1
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Consideration Per Share	5.40
Exercise prices of option granted	0.01
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Per Share Fixed Price	5.39
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Award vesting period				4 years
Share options granted				954,500
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Video 2011 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Number of shares authorized for issuance		25,000,000	25,000,000
Percentage of outstanding ordinary shares on a fully-diluted basis			10.00%
Number of shares under contractually granted share options				16,368,200
Number of shares purchased on vested options				4,972,800
Changyou 2014 and 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Cumulative share based compensation expense				$ 23.5
Changyou 2014 and 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Not Exercisable in Period, Conditionally Repurchased, Exercise Price	$ 5.39
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Expiration Date				Jan. 04, 2022
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted				four equal installments
Number of shares under contractually granted share options				16,368,200
Number of shares purchased on vested options				4,972,800

Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies (Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 17, 2020	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Withholding tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises to foreign holding companies			10.00%
Statutory income tax rate			25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Consideration Per Share	$ 5.40
Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Exercise Price of Shares	0.01
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Changyou 2014 and 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Share-based compensation by share based payment arrangement per share weighted average price per share	5.39
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised	5.39
Consideration Per Share	5.40
Exercise Price of Shares	0.01
Share-based compensation by share based payment arrangement per share weighted average price per share	5.39
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	$ 5.39
Sohu [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Effective Interest held	100.00%
Minimum [Member] \| Time Deposit [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Restricted Investment Maturity Period			3 months
Minimum [Member] \| Long Term Time Deposit [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Restricted Investment Maturity Period			1 year
Maximum [Member] \| Time Deposit [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Restricted Investment Maturity Period			1 year
Thereafter tax years after December 31,2017 [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate						21.00%
Prior tax years before December 31,2017 [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate							35.00%
HONG KONG
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Preferential withholding tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises			5.00%
UNITED STATES
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Provisional amount of income tax expense recognized for the Toll Charge		$ 219
Reduction in liability for deferred income tax		$ 4
Unrecognized tax benefit recorded						$ 142
Interest in connection with unrecognized tax benefit			$ 5	$ 6
Decrease in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible						$ 77
UNITED STATES \| Thereafter tax years after December 31,2017 [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate						21.00%
UNITED STATES \| Prior tax years before December 31,2017 [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate							35.00%
CHINA
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Withholding tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises to foreign holding companies			10.00%
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member]
Taxation&Net Income/(Loss) per Share&Short-term Investments[Line Items]
Value-added tax rate			6.00%
Statutory income tax rate			25.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Schedule Of Account Receivables) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ 94,908	$ 94,528
Allowance for credit losses	(12,358)	(7,007)	$ (3,956)	$ (7,574)
Total	$ 82,550	$ 87,521

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Schedule Of Accounts Receivable Current Overdue Details) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounts Receivable Current Overdue Details [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net	$ 94,908	$ 94,528
Less than 179 days
Accounts Receivable Current Overdue Details [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net	79,155	78,805
180-359 days
Accounts Receivable Current Overdue Details [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net	7,437	7,569
360 days and greater
Accounts Receivable Current Overdue Details [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, net	$ 8,316	$ 8,154

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Allowance For Credit Losses On Financing Receivables) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

Beginning balance

$ 7,007

$ 3,956

$ 7,574

Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13

^[1]

3,383

Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries

6,292

2,419

4,724

Write-offs

(1,155)

(3,231)

(8,237)

214

480

(105)

Ending balance

$ 12,358

$ 7,007

$ 3,956

[1]	The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective transition approach. The adjustments arising from the new CECL model are recognized in the opening Consolidated Balance Sheet on January 1, 2020.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Estimated Useful Lives of Fixed Assets) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Office buildings [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	36-47
Leasehold improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	Lesser of term of the lease or the estimated useful lives of the assets
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	4
Office furniture [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	5
Computer equipment and hardware [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	4-5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Estimated Useful Lives of Intangible Assets) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Purchased video content [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	1 month to 2 years
Computer software [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	1-5
Developed technologies [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	3-10
Domain names and trademarks [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	4-30
Operating rights for licensed games [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets, residual value	$ 0
Estimated Useful Lives (years)	over the contract terms

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Lease) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2019
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Amount of right-of-use asset expected to be recorded after adoption of ASU 2016-02	$ 5,207	$ 4,998
Amount of lease liability expected to be recorded after adoption of ASU 2016-02	$ 5,141	$ 4,962
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Liabilities	Liabilities	Liabilities
Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Amount of right-of-use asset expected to be recorded after adoption of ASU 2016-02			$ 7,400
Amount of lease liability expected to be recorded after adoption of ASU 2016-02			6,700
Amount of right-of-use asset on assets held for sale expected to be recorded after adoption of ASU 2016-02			17,900
Amount of lease liability on liabilities held for sale expected to be recorded of ASU 2016-02			$ 16,200

Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($)

1 Months Ended

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Sep. 23, 2021

Jan. 31, 2011

May 31, 2010

Jun. 30, 2019

Dec. 31, 2011

Dec. 31, 2021

^[1]

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Depreciation and amortization expense

$ 17,000,000.0

$ 46,700,000

Disposal gain/loss

$ 855,000,000

$ 855,009,000

$ 0

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member] | Cinema Advertising [Member]

Percentage of acquired equity interests

50.00%

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member] | Cinema Advertising [Member]

Total cash consideration

$ 3,000,000.0

Goodwill impairment loss

$ 5,200,000

Asset impairment charge

$ 17,000,000.0

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

Discontinued Operations (Balance Sheet Information of Discontinued Operations) (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 287,185
Restricted cash	23,018
Short-term investments	774,618
Account and financing receivables, net	73,656
Prepaid and other current assets	28,946
Long-term investments, net	74,004
Fixed assets, net	89,089
Goodwill	6,527
Intangible assets, net	1,446
Other assets	53,679
Total assets associated with discontinued operations	1,412,168
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	122,695
Accrued liabilities	68,582
Receipts in advance	64,414
Accrued salary and benefits	25,350
Taxes payable	64,082
Other short-term liabilities	61,154
Long-term liabilities	10,721
Total liabilities associated with discontinued operations	$ 416,998

Discontinued Operations (Comprehensive Income Information of Discontinued Operations) (Details) - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2021

Dec. 31, 2021

^[1]

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

$ 407,607,000

$ 924,664,000

$ 1,172,252,000

274,408,000

722,614,000

738,454,000

Gross profit/(loss)

133,199,000

202,050,000

433,798,000

206,841,000

325,170,000

369,363,000

Foreign currency exchange gain/(loss)

(73,642,000)

(123,120,000)

64,435,000

Interest income

2,377,000

2,807,000

4,443,000

Interest expense

(761,000)

(848,000)

(7,767,000)

1,849,000

Other income/(expense), net

81,655,000

38,633,000

21,127,000

Income/(loss) from discontinued operations before income tax expense

8,781,000

(89,447,000)

91,854,000

Income tax expense/(benefit)

(1,112,000)

2,346,000

2,748,000

Results of operations from discontinued operations, net of tax

9,893,000

(91,793,000)

89,106,000

Gain on disposal of discontinued operations

$ 855,000,000

855,009,000

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

864,902,000

(91,793,000)

89,106,000

Research and Development Expense [Member]

Sales and marketing [Member]

^[2]

141,506,000

193,376,000

190,402,000

General and administrative [Member]

^[2]

53,481,000

102,523,000

138,291,000

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member]

^[2]

$ 11,854,000

$ 29,271,000

40,670,000

^[3]

37,323,000

^[3]

43,857,000

Gross profit/(loss)

^[3]

(6,534,000)

^[3]

27,390,000

Other income/(expense), net

^[3]

(33,924,000)

Interest income

^[3]

7,000

^[3]

61,000

Income/(loss) from discontinued operations before income tax expense

^[3]

(33,856,000)

Income tax expense/(benefit)

^[3]

142,000

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

^[3]

(33,998,000)

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member] | Sales and marketing [Member]

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member] | General and administrative [Member]

^[3]

8,807,000

Effective Income Tax Rate Discontinued Operations Tax Rate Reconciliation

^[3]

$ 18,583,000

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.
[2]	Expenses generated from marketing services among the Sohu and Sogou, and leasing expenses generated from a building that Sohu leases to Sogou are not eliminated because those expenses are considered to continue after the disposal of the discontinued operations.
[3]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2019 to August 12, 2019.

Discontinued Operations - Schedule Of Effective Income tax Rate Of Discontinued Operations (Detail)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs

25.00%

127.00%

^[1],[2]

(18.00%)

(2.00%)

Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs

(90.00%)

^[1],[2]

(3.00%)

3.00%

Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

349.00%

^[1],[2]

(43.00%)

7.00%

Research and development super-deduction and other permanent book-tax differences

(249.00%)

^[1],[2]

35.00%

(25.00%)

Capital gains from equity investments

(175.00%)

^[1],[2]

1.00%

(5.00%)

Effective Income Tax Rate Discontinued Operations

(13.00%)

^[1],[2]

(3.00%)

3.00%

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.
[2]	The changes in the effective tax rate for the period ended September 23, 2021 resulted from the lower income from discontinued operations before income tax expense.

Discontinued Operations (Cash Flow Information of Discontinued Operations) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

^[1]

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued operating activities

$ (175,888)

$ (68,187)

$ 219,516

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities

1,054,148

235,374

(217,598)

Net cash used in discontinued financing activities

$ (9,132)

$ (8,209)

(33,415)

Shanghai Jingmao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. ("Shanghai Jingmao") and its affiliate [Member]

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued operating activities

^[2]

9,341

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities

^[2]

(10,808)

Net cash used in discontinued financing activities

^[2]

$ 0

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.
[2]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2019 to August 12, 2019.

Segment Information (Segment Operating Information by Segment) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

$ 835,576

$ 749,890

$ 673,803

(204,394)

^[1]

(216,717)

^[2]

(243,505)

^[3]

631,182

533,173

430,298

^[4]

(277)

(720)

(142)

630,905

532,453

430,156

(264,959)

^[1]

(234,615)

^[2]

(233,487)

^[3]

(182,522)

^[1]

(159,329)

^[2]

(204,992)

^[3]

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

(77,651)

^[1]

(51,378)

^[2]

(53,421)

^[3]

(7,245)

^[4]

(8,301)

(13,760)

(2,208)

(533,433)

(459,082)

(501,353)

97,472

73,371

(71,197)

Other income

29,416

25,993

7,963

Interest income

15,641

7,369

6,103

Interest expense

(7,500)

(6,234)

(14,370)

Income/(loss) before income tax expense

(3,462)

(3,800)

1,430

131,567

96,699

(70,071)

Income tax expense / benefit

(62,296)

(133,226)

(28,428)

Net income/(loss) from continuing operations

69,271

(36,527)

(98,499)

Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations

864,902

^[5]

(91,793)

89,106

Operating Segments [Member] | Sohu [Member]

934,173

(128,320)

(43,391)

186,606

201,544

218,442

(113,881)

^[1]

(122,362)

^[2]

(148,258)

^[3]

72,725

79,182

70,184

^[4]

(1)

(177)

(23)

72,724

79,005

70,161

(113,186)

^[1]

(97,681)

^[2]

(113,761)

^[3]

(126,126)

^[1]

(106,057)

^[2]

(155,226)

^[3]

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

(36,949)

^[1]

(25,861)

^[2]

(31,330)

^[3]

(7,245)

^[4]

(804)

(1,759)

(1,023)

(277,065)

(231,358)

(308,585)

Operating Segments [Member] | Changyou [Member]

(204,341)

(152,353)

(238,424)

648,970

548,346

455,380

(90,517)

^[1]

(94,362)

^[2]

(95,268)

^[3]

558,453

453,984

360,112

^[4]

(276)

(543)

(120)

558,177

453,441

359,992

(151,773)

^[1]

(136,934)

^[2]

(119,726)

^[3]

(56,396)

^[1]

(53,272)

^[2]

(49,768)

^[3]

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

(40,702)

^[1]

(25,517)

^[2]

(22,074)

^[3]

^[4]

(7,497)

(12,001)

(1,185)

(256,368)

(227,724)

(192,753)

301,809

225,717

167,239

Eliminations [Member]

(19)

^[1]

^[2]

^[3]

^[4]

^[1]

^[2]

^[3]

^[1]

^[2]

^[3]

Goodwill impairment and impairment of intangible assets acquired as part of business acquisitions

^[1]

^[2]

(17)

^[3]

^[4]

(15)

$ 4

$ 7

$ (12)

[1]	Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $23.4 million and $12.6 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2021.
[2]	Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $26.4 million and $13.5 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2020.
[3]	Total depreciation and amortization expenses of Sohu and Changyou were $50.7 million and $16.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2019.
[4]	“SBC” stands for share-based compensation expense.
[5]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

Segment Information (Segment Operating Information by Segment) (Parenthetical) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Sohu [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expenses	$ 23.4	$ 26.4	$ 50.7
Changyou [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expenses	$ 12.6	$ 13.5	$ 16.4

Segment Information (Segment Assets Information by Segment) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

$ 998,949

$ 217,057

82,550

87,521

329,997

337,674

Operating Segments [Member] | Sohu [Member]

^[1]

2,245,785

1,409,953

929,851

56,977

48,108

60,886

170,213

174,700

Operating Segments [Member] | Changyou [Member]

^[1]

2,294,537

1,632,736

69,098

160,080

34,442

26,635

159,784

162,976

^[1]

2,610,964

2,478,705

Eliminations [Member]

(2)

Income from investments in financial instruments

^[1]

$ (2,659,716)

$ (2,701,488)

[1]	The elimination for segment assets mainly consists of elimination of intra-Group loans between Sohu and Changyou, and elimination of long-term investments in subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs.

Share-based Compensation Expense (Share-based Compensation Expense Recognized in Costs and Expenses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ (1,044)	$ (698)	$ (895)
Cost of revenues [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	277	720	142
Product development expenses [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	3,904	7,325	1,364
Sales and marketing expenses [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	166	460	(326)
General and administrative expenses [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 4,231	$ 5,975	$ 1,170

Share-based Compensation Expense (Share-based Compensation Expense Recognized for Share Awards of Sohu (excluding Sohu Video), Changyou and Sohu Video) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ (1,044,000)	$ (698,000)	$ (895,000)
Capitalized share-based compensation expense	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Advertising and Promotional Expenses, included in Sales and Marketing Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
ADVERTISING AND PROMOTIONAL EXPENSES, INCLUDED IN SALES AND MARKETING EXPENSES [Abstract]
Advertising and promotional expenses	$ 98.5	$ 84.7	$ 124.6

Other Income, Net (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

OTHER INCOME, NET [Abstract]

Rental income from Sogou

^[1]

$ 10,427

$ 9,793

$ 8,029

Investment income

6,352

3,004

^[2]

5,260

4,303

11,113

Individual tax refund and additional deduction of PRC value-added tax

4,827

6,169

907

Write-down of unpaid long-term accounts payable

1,276

Government grant

418

5,928

5,763

Impairment loss on equity investments

$ (23,200)

(215)

^[3]

(384)

^[3]

(23,154)

^[3]

Donations

(1,565)

(1,460)

(283)

Other Income and Expense [Line Items]

2,636

1,594

2,584

Total

$ 29,416

$ 25,993

$ 7,963

[1]	Sogou leases from Sohu, on an arms-length basis, office space at Sohu.com Internet Plaza under a lease that expires on December 31, 2022 and may be renewed subject to terms to be agreed to by Sohu and Sogou. The cash receipts from this lease within operating activities for 2021, 2020 and 2019 were $12.3 million, $12.1 million and $8.4 million, respectively.
[2]	The increase for 2021 compared to 2020 and the decrease for 2020 compared to 2019 were mainly due to income earned from investments in financial instruments.
[3]	In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Sohu Group recognized impairment losses of $23.2 million for equity investments.

Other Income, Net (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Cash proceeds from operating lease

$ 12,300

$ 12,100

$ 8,400

Impairment loss

$ 23,200

$ 215

^[1]

$ 384

^[1]

$ 23,154

^[1]

[1]	In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Sohu Group recognized impairment losses of $23.2 million for equity investments.

Balance Sheet Components Account and Financing Receivables, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable	$ 94,908	$ 94,528
Allowance for credit losses	(12,358)	(7,007)	$ (3,956)	$ (7,574)
Accounts receivable, net	$ 82,550	$ 87,521

Balance Sheet Components Movement of Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS [Abstract]

Beginning balance

$ 7,007

$ 3,956

$ 7,574

Changes on initial application of ASU 2016-13

^[1]

3,383

Additional allowance for credit losses, net of recoveries

6,292

2,419

4,724

Write-offs

(1,155)

(3,231)

(8,237)

Matching loan due from a related party

214

480

(105)

Ending balance

$ 12,358

$ 7,007

$ 3,956

[1]	The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 using the modified retrospective transition approach. The adjustments arising from the new CECL model are recognized in the opening Consolidated Balance Sheet on January 1, 2020.

Balance Sheet Components Other Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Prepaid and other current assets

$ 34,123

Prepaid taxes

28,719

25,043

Prepaid revenue-sharing cost

12,428

10,120

Prepaid content and license costs

8,694

11,029

Prepaid advertising and promotion fee

4,685

244

Interest receivable from bank deposits with original maturities of three months or less

3,059

3,875

Receivables from third party payment platforms

2,670

5,488

Prepaid professional fees

2,432

2,365

Prepaid rental deposits

1,928

2,310

Employee advances

569

587

Prepaid office rent and facilities expenses

338

696

Prepaid and other current assets

7,666

10,710

107,311

106,590

Prepaid non-current assets

Prepaid PRC income tax for the sale of assets associated with 17173.com by Sohu to Changyou

1,006

Prepaid non-current assets

1,006

Other short-term liabilities

Matching loans due to a related party

34,123

Contingent liability related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation

^[1]

23,900

Deposits related to Focus

10,387

21,936

Share-based awards in Changyou

20,693

13,292

Other payables related to Shanghai Jingmao liquidation

^[2]

9,380

Contract deposits from advertisers

2,679

3,036

Lease liabilities

$ 1,999

$ 1,107

Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]

Other short-term liabilities

Consideration payable for equity investment

$ 769

$ 751

Other short-term liabilities

8,638

8,026

112,568

106,171

Receipts in advance and deferred revenue

Receipts in advance relating to brand advertising business

4,297

5,214

Receipts in advance relating to online game business

9,310

7,869

Receipts in advance relating to other business

5,286

6,029

Total receipts in advance

18,893

19,112

Deferred revenue

38,148

32,943

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

$ 57,041

$ 52,055

[1]

The contingent liability represents the aggregate of estimated potential payments to third parties in connection with the liquidation of Shanghai Jingmao. The stated amount of the contingent liability reflects Changyou’s best estimate as of December 31, 2020 and 2021 pursuant to ASC 450-20. Changyou may revise this estimate in the future based on developments in PRC bankruptcy court proceedings regarding.

[2]

Shanghai Jingmao. In 2021, Changyou received $9.4 million from the bankruptcy proceedings, as a creditor of Shanghai Jingmao, during the process of the liquidation of Shanghai Jingmao. No disposal gain was recognized due to the uncertainty with the proceedings that were still ongoing.

Balance Sheet Components Other Assets and Liabilities (Parenthetical) (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Shanghai Jingmao and Its Affiliate [Member]
Balance Sheet Components [Line Items]
Proceeds from loans receivable	$ 9.4

Related Party Transactions (Details) ¥ in Millions, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2016 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2015 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2019 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2019 CNY (¥)
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Net loan receivables amount				$ 7.6
Fox Financial Technology Group Limited [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Principal Amount of Advanced Additional Loan					$ 1.2	¥ 8.2
Expected credit loss				3.3
Prepaid Expenses And Other Current Asset \| Fox Financial Technology Group Limited [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Net loan receivables amount				34.1
Other \| Fox Financial Technology Group Limited [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Loans payable to related parities				$ 34.1
Sohu [Member] \| Fox Financial Technology Group Limited [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Investment amount in period	$ 10.5	$ 16.1	$ 4.8

Fair Value Measurements (Financial Instruments, Measured at Fair Value) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	$ 949,884	$ 173,655
Restricted cash	1,969	330,791
Restricted time deposits	0	101,519
Short-term investments	399,345	100,745
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values	14,642	9,457
Long-term time deposits	189,007	0
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Restricted time deposits		0
Short-term investments	0	0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values	14,642	9,457
Long-term time deposits	0
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	949,884	173,655
Restricted cash	1,969	330,791
Restricted time deposits		101,519
Short-term investments	399,345	100,745
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values	0	0
Long-term time deposits	189,007
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash equivalents	0	0
Restricted cash	0	0
Restricted time deposits		0
Short-term investments	0	0
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values	0	$ 0
Long-term time deposits	$ 0

Fair Value Measurements (Restricted cash and Restricted Time Deposits, Narrative) (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loan received from bank	$ 153.0	$ 215.6
Interest income from restricted time deposits			$ 5.0	$ 0.1
Interest expense on bank loans			$ 5.3	0.1
Deposit certificates pledged		212.0		212.0
Restricted Cash [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deposit certificates pledged		110.0		110.0
Restricted Time Deposit [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deposit certificates pledged		$ 102.0		$ 102.0

Fair Value Measurements (Short-term Investments, Long-term Investments and Long-term Time Deposits) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

^[1]

Investments in financial instruments

$ 399,345

$ 100,745

Impairment loss

$ 23,200

$ 215

^[1]

384

^[1]

$ 23,154

Time deposit [Member] | Minimum [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Restricted investment maturity period

3 months

Time deposit [Member] | Maximum [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Restricted investment maturity period

1 year

Long Term Time Deposit [Member] | Minimum [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Restricted investment maturity period

1 year

Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]

Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]

Investments in financial instruments

$ 399,300

100,700

Change in fair value of short-term investments

5,300

4,300

Impairment loss

$ 200

$ 400

[1]	In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Sohu Group recognized impairment losses of $23.2 million for equity investments.

Fair Value Measurements (Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis) (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	$ 2,555	$ 2,585
Intangible assets, net	9,136	4,842
Goodwill	48,811	48,434
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	0	0
Intangible assets, net	0	0
Goodwill	0	0
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	0	0
Intangible assets, net	0	0
Goodwill	0	0
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Purchased video content recorded in prepaid and other assets	2,555	2,585
Intangible assets, net	9,136	4,842
Goodwill	$ 48,811	$ 48,434

Fair Value Measurements (Short-term Receivables and Payables, Narrative) (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] ¥ in Millions		1 Months Ended						2 Months Ended		3 Months Ended
	Apr. 03, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 CNY (¥)	Apr. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2018 CNY (¥)	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017 CNY (¥)	May 31, 2019 USD ($)	May 31, 2019 CNY (¥)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loan received from bank										$ 153,000,000	$ 215,600,000
Deposit certificates pledged											212,000,000
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with ICBC [Member] \| ICBC [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans may borrow from bank						$ 116,600,000	¥ 800
Additional interest rate over LPR						1.20%	1.20%
Installments of bank loan payable						four equal installments, with the first installment payable 18 months after the drawdown and the other three installments payable semi-annually at the end of each of the three successive six-month periods after the first installment payment.	four equal installments, with the first installment payable 18 months after the drawdown and the other three installments payable semi-annually at the end of each of the three successive six-month periods after the first installment payment.
Total outstanding balance of bank loan											0	$ 0
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with CMB [Member] \| CMB [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loans may borrow from bank				$ 102,000,000.0	¥ 700
Installments of bank loan payable		The first installment of RMB45 million (or $6.7 million) was paid in December 2018; the second and third installments of RMB90 million (or $13.1 million) in the aggregate were paid early in June 2019; and the fourth installment of RMB165 million (or $23.3million) was paid early in July 2019.	The first installment of RMB45 million (or $6.7 million) was paid in December 2018; the second and third installments of RMB90 million (or $13.1 million) in the aggregate were paid early in June 2019; and the fourth installment of RMB165 million (or $23.3million) was paid early in July 2019.
Total outstanding balance of bank loan											$ 0	$ 0
Loan received from bank		$ 43,700,000	¥ 300	$ 58,300,000	¥ 400			$ 59,300,000	¥ 399
Short-term loan, interest rate		6.00%	6.00%	6.00%	6.00%			5.10%	5.10%
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Tokyo Branch ("ICBC Tokyo") \| Changyou Merger [Member] \| ICBC Tokyo [Member] \| Sohu Game [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Bearing interest of term facility	Three Month LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75%
Proportion of mortgaged outstanding of Changyou	97.90%
Deposit certificates pledged	$ 192,000,000
Exchange rate of deposit equivalent	0.1389
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Tokyo Branch ("ICBC Tokyo") \| Maximum [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member] \| ICBC Tokyo [Member] \| Sohu Game [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Term Loan	$ 250,000,000
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Tokyo Branch ("ICBC Tokyo") \| Maximum [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member] \| ICBC Tokyo [Member] \| One-Year Facility [Member] \| Sohu Game [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Term Loan	100,000,000
Sohu [Member] \| Credit agreement with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, Tokyo Branch ("ICBC Tokyo") \| Maximum [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member] \| ICBC Tokyo [Member] \| Four-Year Facility [Member] \| Sohu Game [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Term Loan	$ 150,000,000

Fair Value Measurements (Long-term Payables, Narrative) (Details) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021	Apr. 17, 2020
Share Options [Member] \| Common Class A [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Fixed price of share	$ 5.39	$ 5.39

Lease (Component of Operating Lease Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
LEASE [Abstract]
Operating lease expense	$ 2,952	$ 3,985
Short-term lease expense	563	297
Total operating lease expense	$ 3,515	$ 4,282

Lease (Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases, Cash Paid for Amounts Included in Measurement of Lease Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
LEASE [Abstract]
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 3,085	$ 3,206

Lease (Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases Right-of-use Assets Obtained In Exchange For Lease Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
LEASE [Abstract]
Operating leases	$ 2,620	$ 5,351

Lease (Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Related to Operating Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2019
LEASE [Abstract]
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 5,207	$ 4,998
Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other Assets, Noncurrent	Other Assets, Noncurrent
Liabilities:
Current lease liabilities	$ 1,999	$ 1,107
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other Liabilities, Current	Other Liabilities, Current
Non-current lease liabilities	$ 3,142	$ 3,855
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Non-current lease liabilities	Non-current lease liabilities
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 5,141	$ 4,962
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Liabilities	Liabilities	Liabilities

Lease (Maturities of Lease Liabilities under Operating Leases) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 01, 2019
LEASE [Abstract]
2022	$ 2,853
2023	2,240
2024	277
2025	98
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total future lease payments	5,468
Less: imputed interest	327
Total present value of lease liabilities	$ 5,141	$ 4,962
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Liabilities	Liabilities	Liabilities
Weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted average discount rate	5.70%
Liabilities for leases	$ 200

Fixed Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Fixed Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	$ 572,530	$ 571,285
Accumulated depreciation	(242,533)	(233,611)
Fixed assets, net	329,997	337,674
Depreciation expenses for fixed assets	23,495	25,466	$ 28,225
Office buildings [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	401,223	392,045
Computer equipment and hardware [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	123,079	132,021
Leasehold and building improvements [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	37,753	36,649
Office furniture [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	6,960	6,841
Vehicles [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Fixed assets, gross	$ 3,515	$ 3,729

Goodwill (Carrying Value of Goodwill by Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	$ 250,966	$ 249,922
Accumulated impairment losses, Beginning Balance	(202,532)	(202,532)
Goodwill, Net, Beginning Balance	48,434	47,390
Foreign currency translation adjustment	377	1,044
Goodwill, Ending balance	251,343	250,966
Accumulated impairment losses, Ending balance	(202,532)	(202,532)
Goodwill, Net, Ending balance	48,811	48,434
Operating Segments [Member] \| Sohu [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	70,423	69,379
Accumulated impairment losses, Beginning Balance	(32,246)	(32,246)
Goodwill, Net, Beginning Balance	38,177	37,133
Foreign currency translation adjustment	377	1,044
Goodwill, Ending balance	70,800	70,423
Accumulated impairment losses, Ending balance	(32,246)	(32,246)
Goodwill, Net, Ending balance	38,554	38,177
Operating Segments [Member] \| Changyou [Member]
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	180,543	180,543
Accumulated impairment losses, Beginning Balance	(170,286)	(170,286)
Goodwill, Net, Beginning Balance	10,257	10,257
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0	0
Goodwill, Ending balance	180,543	180,543
Accumulated impairment losses, Ending balance	(170,286)	(170,286)
Goodwill, Net, Ending balance	$ 10,257	$ 10,257

Intangible Assets, Net (Finite-lived Intangible Assets by Major Class) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 250,471	$ 315,767
Accumulated Amortization	(163,640)	(219,849)
Accumulated Impairment	(77,695)	(91,076)
Net Carrying Amount	9,136	4,842
Purchased video content [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	138,902	212,999
Accumulated Amortization	(99,961)	(161,160)
Accumulated Impairment	(37,343)	(50,088)
Net Carrying Amount	1,598	1,751
Operating rights for licensed games [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	60,454	51,856
Accumulated Amortization	(39,431)	(35,017)
Accumulated Impairment	(13,895)	(14,026)
Net Carrying Amount	7,128	2,813
Domain names and trademarks [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	26,766	27,536
Accumulated Amortization	(10,240)	(10,243)
Accumulated Impairment	(16,506)	(17,219)
Net Carrying Amount	20	74
Computer software [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	12,474	11,749
Accumulated Amortization	(12,084)	(11,545)
Accumulated Impairment	0	0
Net Carrying Amount	390	204
Developed technologies [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	8,879	8,699
Accumulated Amortization	(936)	(918)
Accumulated Impairment	(7,943)	(7,781)
Net Carrying Amount	0	0
Others [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	2,996	2,928
Accumulated Amortization	(988)	(966)
Accumulated Impairment	(2,008)	(1,962)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 0	$ 0

Intangible Assets, Net (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Intangible Assets, Net (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of intangible assets	$ 12,500,000	$ 14,400,000	$ 38,800,000
Sohu [Member] \| Sohu Video's intangible assets [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total losses for impairment	14,000	1,500,000	4,000,000.0
Sohu [Member] \| 56.com Website's intangible assets [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total losses for impairment			$ 7,200,000
Changyou [Member] \| Content and game licenses intangible assets [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Total losses for impairment	1,700,000	2,700,000
Intangible assets impairment losses	100,000	800,000
Prepaid and other current assets impairment losses	$ 1,600,000	$ 1,900,000

Intangible Assets, Net (Estimated Amortization Expenses for Future Periods) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET [Abstract]
2022	$ 4,357
2023	3,761
2024	1,018
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total expected amortization expense	$ 9,136	$ 4,842

Taxation (PRC Corporate Income Tax) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Taxation (PRC Corporate Income Tax) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Preferential income tax rate	15.00%
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate	25.00%
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member] \| High and New Technology Enterprises [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Preferential income tax rate	15.00%
Preferential income tax rate period (years)	3 years
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member] \| Software Enterprise [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Preferential income tax rate	12.50%	12.50%
Preferential income tax rate period (years)	3 years
Income tax exemption period beginning with first profitable year	2 years
Tax rate reduction rate	50.00%

Taxation (U.S. Corporate Income Tax) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Taxation (U.S. Corporate Income Tax) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Thereafter tax years [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate				21.00%
Prior tax years [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate					35.00%

Taxation (Treatment of Toll Charge Related to the U.S. TCJA) (Details) - United States - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Provisional amount of income tax expense recognized for the Toll Charge	$ 219
Reduction in liability for deferred income tax	$ 4
Recognition of previously unrecognized tax benefit		$ 77
Unrecognized tax benefit recorded		$ 142
Interest in connection with unrecognized tax benefit			$ 5	$ 6

Taxation (Hong Kong Tax) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Taxation (Hong Kong Tax) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%
Inland Revenue, Hong Kong [Member]
Income Tax and Tax Rate [Line Items]
Statutory income tax rate	16.50%	16.50%	16.50%

Taxation (Components of Income before Income Taxes) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income/(loss) before income tax expense
Income/(loss) from China operations			$ 153,708	$ 154,514	$ (89,150)
Income/(loss) from non-China operations			(22,141)	(57,815)	19,079
Income/(loss) before income tax expense			131,567	96,699	(70,071)
Income tax expense applicable to China operations
Current tax			31,089	24,255	9,026
Deferred tax			26,207	102,652	11,191
Subtotal income tax expense applicable to China operations			57,296	126,907	20,217
Non-China income tax expense			4,817	6,207	7,887
Non-China withholding tax expense			183	112	324
Total income tax expense from continuing operations			62,296	133,226	28,428
Additional income tax withholded in disribution of cash dividends	$ 88,000	$ 47,000
CHINA
Income tax expense applicable to China operations
Total income tax expense from continuing operations			57,300	126,900	20,200
Accrued Income Taxes			48,400	40,700	32,600
Additional income tax withholded in disribution of cash dividends				88,000
Reversal of Accrued Income Taxes				6,900	19,500
United States
Income tax expense applicable to China operations
Non-China income tax expense			$ 5,000	$ 6,000	$ 8,000

Taxation (Tax Holiday Effect) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Tax holiday effect	$ 1,635	$ 16,174	$ 7,981
Basic net income per share effect	$ 0.04	$ 0.41	$ 0.20

Taxation (Effective Tax Rate) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Mar. 31, 2018

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

Dec. 31, 2018

Dec. 31, 2017

Apr. 05, 2018

Taxation [Line Items]

Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs

25.00%

^[1]

(1.00%)

(17.00%)

11.00%

Tax differential from statutory rate applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs

3.00%

9.00%

7.00%

Effect of withholding taxes

^[2]

19.00%

109.00%

(12.00%)

Changes in valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

31.00%

27.00%

(71.00%)

Research and development super-deduction

(19.00%)

(9.00%)

12.00%

Additional withholding income taxes

(14.00%)

(13.00%)

(1.00%)

Effective Tax Rate

44.00%

131.00%

(29.00%)

Special cash dividend

$ 500.0

$ 88.0

$ 47.0

Prior tax years [Member]

Taxation [Line Items]

Thereafter tax years [Member]

35.00%

Taxation [Line Items]

21.00%

[1]

The reversal of income tax for preferential income tax rates that Changyou’s subsidiaries and VIEs were entitled to as KNSEs or Software Enterprises for 2019, 2020 and 2021 was included in the “Effect of tax holidays applicable to subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs” in the above table.

[2]

The revised policy was adopted to facilitate the distribution of a special cash dividend in the aggregate amount of approximately $500.0 million that was declared by Changyou’s Board of Directors on April 5, 2018. The change for 2020 was mainly due to additional income withholding tax of $88 million that was recognized in the second quarter of 2020 due to a revised policy with respect to Changyou’s PRC subsidiaries regarding their distribution of cash dividends.

Taxation (PRC Withholding Tax on Dividends) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Apr. 05, 2018
Withholding tax on dividends [Line Items]
Withholding income tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises to foreign holding companies			10.00%
Special cash dividend						$ 500,000
Additional withholding income taxes	$ 88,000	$ 47,000
Deferred tax liabilities related to withholding tax			$ 237,116	$ 206,594	$ 86,800
Total amount of undistributed profits			484,900
Unrecognized tax liabilities			$ 48,500
HONG KONG
Withholding tax on dividends [Line Items]
Preferential withholding tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises			5.00%
CHINA
Withholding tax on dividends [Line Items]
Withholding income tax rate on dividends, foreign invested enterprises to foreign holding companies			10.00%
Additional withholding income taxes				$ 88,000

Taxation (PRC Value-Added Tax) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Taxation (PRC Value-Added Tax) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2021
State Administration of Taxation, China [Member]
Value added tax [Line Items]
Value-added tax rate	6.00%

Taxation (Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss from operations	$ 291,380	$ 325,797
Accrued bonus and commissions	9,101	10,613
Intangible assets transfer	485	690
Others	7,489	8,692
Total deferred tax assets	308,455	345,792
Less: Valuation allowance	(289,097)	(326,755)	$ (283,711)	$ (250,524)
Net deferred tax assets	19,358	19,037
Deferred tax liabilities
Withholding tax for dividend	(237,116)	(206,594)	$ (86,800)
Others	(12,049)	(10,999)
Total deferred tax liabilities	$ (249,165)	$ (217,593)

Taxation (Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Net operating losses from PRC entities available to offset against future net profit for income tax purposes	$ 1,850.0
Deferred tax assets generated from net operating losses offset by valuation allowance	285.8
PRC net operating losses generated from previous years, expired	$ 48.5

Taxation (Movement of Valuation Allowance for Net Deferred Tax Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 326,755	$ 283,711	$ 250,524
Provision for the year	45,787	36,363	44,634
Reversal for the year	(91,019)	(12,637)	(7,311)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	7,574	19,318	(4,136)
Ending balance	$ 289,097	$ 326,755	$ 283,711

Taxation (Uncertain Tax Positions) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Beginning balance	$ 188,760	$ 181,640	$ 174,363
Increases /(decreases) related to prior year tax positions	5,158	7,120	7,277
Increases related to current year tax positions	0	0	0
Ending balance	$ 193,918	$ 188,760	$ 181,640

Commitments and Contingencies (Contractual Obligation) (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	$ 51,462
2023	15,590
2024	3,347
2025	37
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	70,436
Royalties and expenditures for licensed content of games [Member]
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	15,976
2023	13,512
2024	2,746
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	32,234
Purchase of bandwidth [Member]
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	14,418
2023	1,029
2024	455
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	15,902
Purchase of content and services - others
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	7,530
2023	389
2024	43
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	7,962
Purchase of content and services - video
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	6,387
2023	0
2024	0
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	6,387
Operating lease obligations [Member]
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	3,355
2023	660
2024	103
2025	37
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	4,155
Others [Member]
Contractual Obligation [Line Items]
2022	3,796
2023	0
2024	0
2025	0
2026	0
Thereafter	0
Total Payments Required	$ 3,796

VIEs (VIEs Consolidated within Sohu Group, Basic Information for Principal VIEs) (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Aggregate amount of loans due from related parties	$ 7.6
VIEs [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Registered capital and PRC statutory reserves	$ 45.1
High Century [Member] \| Dr. Charles Zhang [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	80.00%
High Century [Member] \| Wei Li [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	20.00%
Heng Da Yi Tong [Member] \| Dr. Charles Zhang [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	80.00%
Heng Da Yi Tong [Member] \| Wei Li [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	20.00%
Sohu Internet [Member] \| High Century [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Donglin [Member] \| Sohu Internet [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Tianjin Jinhu [Member] \| Xiufeng Deng [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	50.00%
Tianjin Jinhu [Member] \| Xuemei Zhang [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	50.00%
Focus Interactive [Member] \| Heng Da Yi Tong [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Guangzhou Qianjun [Member] \| Tianjin Jinhu [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Gamease [Member] \| High Century [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Shanghai ICE [Member] \| Gamease [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%
Guanyou Gamespace [Member] \| Changyou Star [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	100.00%

VIEs (VIEs Consolidated within Sohu Group, Financial Information) (Details) - USD ($)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Dec. 31, 2020

Dec. 31, 2019

ASSETS:

$ 998,949,000

$ 217,057,000

Restricted cash

1,969,000

330,791,000

Short-term investments

399,345,000

100,745,000

Prepaid and other current assets

82,550,000

87,521,000

107,311,000

106,590,000

Assets held for sale (current)

1,412,168,000

Total current assets

1,590,124,000

2,254,872,000

329,997,000

337,674,000

Other non-current assets

25,589,000

42,140,000

2,245,785,000

2,822,121,000

LIABILITIES:

Accounts payable

87,447,000

107,611,000

Accrued liabilities

138,196,000

157,513,000

Liabilities held for sale (current)

57,041,000

52,055,000

416,998,000

Total current liabilities

503,451,000

1,284,730,000

Long-term tax liabilities

193,918,000

188,760,000

Deferred tax liabilities

249,165,000

217,593,000

Total liabilities

953,598,000

1,790,140,000

Total cost of revenues

204,671,000

217,437,000

$ 243,647,000

Net income from continuing operations

533,433,000

459,082,000

501,353,000

69,271,000

(36,527,000)

(98,499,000)

Net loss from discontinued operations

864,902,000

^[1]

(91,793,000)

89,106,000

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net cash provided by continuing operating activities

113,610,000

163,394,000

(18,267,000)

Net cash used in discontinued operating activities

(175,888,000)

^[1]

(68,187,000)

219,516,000

Net cash provided by operating activities

(62,278,000)

95,207,000

210,590,000

Cash flows from investing activities:

Net cash used in continuing investing activities

(537,419,000)

184,393,000

(214,814,000)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities

1,054,148,000

^[1]

235,374,000

(217,598,000)

Net cash used in investing activities

516,729,000

419,767,000

(443,220,000)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities

(424,968,000)

101,795,000

(479,748,000)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued financing activities

(9,132,000)

^[1]

(8,209,000)

(33,415,000)

Net cash provided by financing activities

(434,100,000)

93,586,000

(513,163,000)

Variable Interest Entity Primary Beneficiary [Member]

ASSETS:

32,513,000

47,028,000

Restricted cash

1,211,000

Short-term investments

153,000

Prepaid and other current assets

36,027,000

47,234,000

18,836,000

15,385,000

Intra-Group receivables due from the Company's subsidiaries

647,330,000

506,659,000

Assets held for sale (current)

113,011,000

Total current assets

734,706,000

730,681,000

427,000

295,000

Other non-current assets

86,744,000

69,284,000

821,877,000

800,260,000

LIABILITIES:

Accounts payable

12,325,000

11,145,000

Accrued liabilities

43,695,000

46,888,000

Other current liabilities

45,844,000

43,076,000

24,026,000

37,148,000

Intra-Group payables due to the Company's subsidiaries

462,487,000

350,599,000

Liabilities held for sale (current)

187,712,000

Total current liabilities

588,377,000

676,568,000

Long-term tax liabilities

14,465,000

14,134,000

Deferred tax liabilities

3,323,000

2,014,000

Other non-current liabilities

1,750,000

1,819,000

Total liabilities

607,915,000

694,535,000

Revenues:

Total revenues

686,311,000

583,187,000

511,957,000

Total cost of revenues

217,946,000

235,050,000

240,809,000

Net income from continuing operations

438,888,000

305,779,000

253,930,000

35,805,000

41,756,000

19,607,000

Net loss from discontinued operations

(47,924,000)

(82,329,000)

(1,491,000)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net cash provided by continuing operating activities

35,619,000

79,614,000

24,660,000

Net cash used in discontinued operating activities

(1,789,000)

(13,244,000)

(5,046,000)

Net cash provided by operating activities

33,830,000

66,370,000

19,614,000

Cash flows from investing activities:

Net cash used in continuing investing activities

(164,558,000)

(107,094,000)

(53,698,000)

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued investing activities

12,116,000

7,797,000

(18,040,000)

Net cash used in investing activities

(152,442,000)

(99,297,000)

(71,738,000)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities

111,888,000

32,751,000

26,559,000

Net cash provided by/(used in) discontinued financing activities

(9,131,000)

152,000

8,601,000

Net cash provided by financing activities

$ 102,757,000

$ 32,903,000

$ 35,160,000

[1]	Includes the financial results of the discontinued operations from January 1, 2021 to September 23, 2021.

VIEs (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
VIEs (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Net cash provided by operating activities	$ (62,278)	$ 95,207	$ 210,590
Net cash used in investing activities	516,729	419,767	(443,220)
Net cash provided by financing activities	(434,100)	93,586	(513,163)
VIEs [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Net cash provided by operating activities	33,830	66,370	19,614
Net cash used in investing activities	(152,442)	(99,297)	(71,738)
Net cash provided by financing activities	$ 102,757	32,903	35,160
As Revised [Member] \| VIEs [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Increase in current payables		17,800
Decrease in non-current payables		17,800
Net cash provided by operating activities		74,400	26,700
Net cash used in investing activities		107,100	53,300
Net cash provided by financing activities		$ 32,800	$ 26,600

VIEs (VIEs Consolidated within Sohu Group, Summary of Significant Agreements Currently in Effect) (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021
Shareholders of Gamease [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Power of attorney term	10 years
Percentage of exchange equity interests due to contributions to registered capital of equity	100.00%
Shareholders of Guanyou Gamespace [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Power of attorney term	10 years
Percentage of exchange equity interests due to contributions to registered capital of equity	100.00%
VIEs [Member] \| Shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Power of attorney term	10 years
Tianjin Jinhu Culture Development Co., Ltd ("Tianjin Jinhu") [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Exclusive technology consulting and service agreement term	10 years
Tianjin Jinhu Culture Development Co., Ltd ("Tianjin Jinhu") [Member] \| Shareholders of Tianjin Jinhu [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Business operation agreement term	10 years
Beijing Gamease Age Digital Technology Co., Ltd. ("Gamease") [Member] \| Shareholders of Gamease [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Business operation agreement term	10 years
Beijing Guanyou Gamespace Digital Technology Co., Ltd. ("Guanyou Gamespace") [Member] \| Shareholders of Guanyou Gamespace [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Business operation agreement term	10 years
Beijing Sohu Internet Information Service Co., Ltd. ("Sohu Internet") [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Exclusive technology consulting and service agreement term	2 years
Donglin [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Exclusive technology consulting and service agreement term	3 years

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Summary of Sohu.com Limited's Outstanding Shares) (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Balance, beginning of year	39,306
Balance, end of year	38,221	39,306
Sohu.com Limited [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Balance, beginning of year	39,306	39,269	39,229
Issuances:	44	37	40
Repurchases:	(1,129)	0	0
Balance, end of year	38,221	39,306	39,269

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Treasury Stock, Narrative) (Details) - Sohu American Depository Shares [Member] - Sohu Share Repurchase Program [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 13, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Stock repurchase program authorized amount	$ 100.0
Share repurchase program period	12 months
Stock repurchase program expiration date	Nov. 12, 2022
Number of shares repurchased		1,129,228
Aggregate cost of shares repurchased		$ 18.7

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Sohu's 2018 Share Incentive Plan, Narrative) (Details) - Sohu.com Limited [Member] - shares		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 02, 2010	Dec. 31, 2021	Apr. 02, 2018
Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum term of share rights granted under share incentive plan	10 years
Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] \| Common Stock [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance	1,500,000
Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Plan expiration date		Apr. 30, 2028
Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares available for grant		214,405
Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Common Stock [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance			1,148,565

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Sohu's 2018 Share Incentive Plan, Share Option Activity, Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Sep. 30, 2021	Sep. 30, 2020	Jul. 31, 2019	Feb. 28, 2019	Nov. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	May 31, 2016	Feb. 28, 2015
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense	$ 8,578	$ 14,480	$ 2,350
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of options granted in period	5,443,000
Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted	four equal installments
Award vesting period	4 years
Sohu.com Limited [Member] \| Sohu 2010 Stock Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options								6,000	32,000	13,000	1,068,000
Exercise prices of option granted								$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Sohu.com Limited [Member] \| Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted	four equal installments
Award vesting period	4 years
Number of options granted in period	113,000
Total fair value of stock options granted	$ 28,500
Share-based compensation expense	1,800	2,600	(1,900)
Total fair values of share options vested	2,100	1,000	2,500
Total intrinsic value of share options exercised	$ 800	$ 700	$ 600
Sohu.com Limited [Member] \| Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Stock Options [Member] \| Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options				5,000	34,000	477,500	20,000
Exercise prices of option granted				$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Number of options granted in period	927,788

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Sohu's 2018 Share Incentive Plan, Share Option Activity) (Details) - Share Options [Member]
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

USD ($)

$ / shares

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Number of Shares, Granted

5,443,000

Sohu.com Limited [Member] | Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Number of Shares, Outstanding, Beginning balance

197,000

Number of Shares, Granted

113,000

Number of Shares, Exercised

(39,000)

Number of Shares, Forfeited or expired

Number of Shares, Outstanding, Ending balance

271,000

Number of Shares, Vested, Ending balance

271,000

Number of Shares, Exercisable, Ending balance

271,000

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Beginning balance | $ / shares

$ 0.001

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted | $ / shares

0.001

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised | $ / shares

0.001

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding, Ending balance | $ / shares

0.001

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested, Ending balance | $ / shares

0.001

Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercisable, Ending balance | $ / shares

$ 0.001

Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years), Outstanding, Ending balance

5 years 10 months 13 days

Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years), Vested, Ending balance

5 years 10 months 13 days

Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years), Exercisable, Ending balance

5 years 10 months 13 days

Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding, Ending balance | $

$ 4,412

^[1]

Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Vested, Ending balance | $

4,412

^[1]

Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable, Ending balance | $

$ 4,412

^[1]

Sohu.com Limited [Member] | Sohu 2018 Share Incentive Plan [Member] | ADS [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Closing price | $ / shares

$ 16.28

[1]	The aggregated intrinsic value in the preceding table represents the difference between Sohu’s closing ADS price of $16.28 on December 31, 2021 and the nominal exercise price of the options.

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan, Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 17, 2020	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Aug. 26, 2019	Jul. 28, 2016	Jun. 01, 2015	Feb. 16, 2015	Nov. 02, 2014	Jun. 27, 2014
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		$ 8,578,000	$ 14,480,000	$ 2,350,000
Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Shares, Granted		5,443,000
Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Consideration Per Share	$ 5.40
Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise prices of option granted	0.01
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Award vesting period		4 years
Number of Shares, Granted		4,488,500
Total fair value of stock options granted		$ 4,100,000
Total fair values of share options vested		4,100,000	4,200,000	1,000,000.0
Total intrinsic value of share options exercised		$ 0	100,000	6,600,000
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise prices of option granted	0.01
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Per Share Fixed Price	5.39
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Options Accrued Fixed Price Initial	5.39
Consideration Per Share	5.40
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		$ 3,900,000	$ 7,700,000	$ (1,900,000)
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for future issuance									6,000,000	2,000,000
Plan expiration date		Jun. 30, 2024
Number of shares under contractually granted share options					3,023,000	100,000	1,998,000
Exercise prices of option granted	0.01				$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Award vesting period		4 years
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Maximum [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum term of share rights granted under share incentive plan		10 years
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member] \| Class A restricted share units [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options									2,416,000
Changyou 2014 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member] \| Class A restricted share units [Member] \| Maximum [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of Class A restricted share units converted to options								2,400,000
Changyou 2014 and 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total fair value of stock options granted		$ 23,500,000
Changyou 2014 and 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Options Accrued Fixed Price Initial	5.39
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Not Exercisable in Period, Conditionally Repurchased, Exercise Price	$ 5.39

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 17, 2020	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Feb. 02, 2021	Aug. 26, 2019	Aug. 03, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		$ 8,578	$ 14,480	$ 2,350
Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of options granted in period		5,443,000
Share Options [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Exercise prices of option granted	$ 0.01
Accrued fixed price, final	5.39
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Toal share based compensation expense		$ 3,900	4,800
Total value of share options vested		$ 2,600	$ 2,600
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share based compensation by share based payment arrangement options excercised exercise price per share	5.39
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Award vesting period		4 years
Number of options granted in period		954,500
Share-based compensation expense		$ 2,600
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for issuance							3,000,000
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Changyou Merger [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award Options Not Exercisable in Period Conditionally Repurchased Price	5.39
Accrued fixed price, initial	5.39
Accrued fixed price, final	$ 5.39
Changyou 2019 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Class A ordinary shares [Member] \| Certain members of management and certain other employees [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options					600,000	1,909,000
Exercise prices of option granted					$ 0.01	$ 0.01

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Sohu Video Share-based Awards, Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 04, 2012	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based compensation expense		$ 8,578	$ 14,480	$ 2,350
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Plan expiration date		Jan. 04, 2022
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Shares reserved for future issuance	25,000,000
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options		16,368,200
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Number of shares purchased on vested options		4,972,800
Share-based compensation expense		$ (1,000)	$ (700)	$ (900)
Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member] \| Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum term of share rights granted under share incentive plan	10 years
Video 2011 Share Incentive Plan [Member] \| Ordinary Shares [Member] \| Share Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares under contractually granted share options		16,368,200
Installments of share options granted		four equal installments
Number of shares purchased on vested options		4,972,800

Sohu.com Limited Shareholders' Equity (Sohu Video Share-based Awards, Share Option Assumptions) (Details) - Sohu Video Share Incentive Plan [Member] - Share Options [Member] - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Average risk-free interest rate	0.59%	1.11%
Exercise multiple	2.8	2.8
Expected forfeiture rate (post-vesting)	2.00%	5.00%
Weighted average expected option life	0 years	1 year
Volatility rate	97.30%	57.30%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Fair value	$ 0	$ 0.21

Noncontrolling Interest (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Noncontrolling Interest (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Apr. 17, 2020
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated balance sheets	$ 0	$ 683,291,000
Percentage of ordinary shares held				100.00%
Percentage of noncontrolling interest recognized in consolidated balance sheets	0.00%	66.00%
Net income /(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated statements of comprehensive income	$ (3,000)	$ (42,208,000)	$ 105,945,000
Percentage of net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest recognized in consolidated statements of comprehensive income	0.00%	0.00%	33.00%

Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).

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Noncontrolling Interest (Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Balance Sheets) (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated balance sheets	$ 0	$ 683,291,000

Noncontrolling Interest (Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income /(Loss)) (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Net income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest shareholders	$ (3,000)	$ (42,208,000)	$ 105,945,000
Net income/(loss) from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders	(3,000)	18,448,000	58,223,000
Net income/(loss) from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling shareholders	$ 6,451,000	$ (60,656,000)	$ 47,722,000

Amount after tax of income (loss) from a discontinued operation attributable to the noncontrolling interest. Includes, but is not limited to, the income (loss) from operations during the phase-out period, gain (loss) on disposal, gain (loss) for reversal of write-down (write-down) to fair value, less cost to sell, and adjustments to a prior period gain (loss) on disposal.

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